Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Suç İşlemiş ve Suç İşlememiş Bireylerin Kişilik Özelliklerinin Bir İnsan Çiz Testi ile Projektif Değerlendirilmesi
Projective Assessment of Personality Traits of Criminal and Non-Criminal Individuals with Draw-A-Person Test
Tuğba GÖRGÜLÜa, Gülsen ERDENb, Ayşen LENGERLİ TOPÇUc
aAnkara Bilim Üniversitesi İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Fakültesi, Psikoloji Bölümü, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
bAnkara Üniversitesi Dil Tarih Coğrafya Fakültesi, Psikoloji Bölümü; Ankara, TÜRKİYE
çEmniyet Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara
Turkiye Klinikleri J Foren Sci Leg Med. 2021;18(2):136-44
doi: 10.5336/forensic.2021-81172
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bazı kişilik özellikleri suç işleme davranışı için önemli birer risk faktörüdür. Çalışmalar, 2 değişken arasındaki ilişkinin ortaya konulmasında projektif testlerin kullanılmasının yararlı olduğu üzerinde durmaktadır. Bu nedenle bu çalışmanın amacı, suç işlemiş bireyler ile suç işlememiş bireylerin bazı kişilik özellikleri ile çizdikleri resmin sosyal özellikleri, vücut özellikleri, kullanılan giyim/aksesuar, yapısal ve biçimsel göstergeler, çelişki göstergeleri, cinsiyet karmaşası ve cinsiyet yönelimi gibi yapılar açısından farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığını incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma, iki grubun karşılaştırıldığı betimsel bir araştırmadır. Bu çalışma, 18-55 yaş arasında 73 suç geçmişi olan ve 72 suç geçmişi olmayan 145 erkek katılımcıyla yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre suç işlemiş olan bireylerin suç işlememiş bireylere göre giyime özgü daha az detay verdikleri, cep, düğme, kemer, kravat ya da ayakkabı gibi aksesuarları daha az kullandıkları bulunmuştur. Yine suç işlemiş bireylerin saç, sakal, bıyık gibi cinsiyet aidiyetine yönelik göstergeleri daha az çizdikleri, cinsiyet yönelimine işaret eden resmin cinsiyetinin belirgin olması gibi göstergeleri suç işlememiş bireylere göre anlamlı olarak daha az kullandıkları görülmüştür. Suç işlemiş bireylerin çizimlerinde içe kapanıklık, saldırganlık, impulsif davranışlara eğilim ve cinsiyet yönelimlerinde bozulma gibi değerlendirmelere ilişkin göstergelerin varlığı alan yazın bulgularıyla tutarlı bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Suç işlemiş bireylerin, saldırgan davranışlarını kontrol etmelerine ve benlik saygılarının yükseltilmesinde yardımcı olacak çalışmaların suça yönelmeyi azaltmada önemli olduğu görülmüştür. Bu nedenle ceza infaz kurumlarında psikososyal eğitim çalışmalarının özellikle şiddete yönelim davranışlarına yönelik farkındalık ve duyarlılık geliştirilmesine, bireylerin benlik saygılarının güçlendirilmesi ve salıverilme öncesi olumlu davranış değişikliğini sağlamaya yönelik temellendirilmesi gerektiği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Bir İnsan Çiz Testi; projektif testler; suç; suçlu; kişilik
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Some personality traits are important risk factors for criminal behavior. Studies emphasize that implementation of projective tests are useful to reveal the relationship between the two variables. For this the aim of this study is to examine the difference between individuals who have committed a crime and individuals who have not committed a crime in terms of some personality traits and their drawing of social features, body features, clothing/accessories used, structural and formal indicators, conflict indicators, gender confusion and gender orientation. Material and Methods: This study was conducted with a total of 145 male participants aged 18-55 with 73 male participants with criminal history and 72 participants without criminal history. Results: It was found that individuals who have committed crimes give less detail about clothing, and use accessories such as pockets, buttons, belts, ties or shoes than individuals who have not committed a crime. Also individuals who have committed crimes draw less gender-related indicators such as hair, beard and mustache. 'The gender of the picture drawn' or 'gender indicators' indicating gender orientation were found to be weaker than the non-criminals group. There are signs of introversion, aggression, tendency to impulsive behavior and impaired gender orientation in the drawings of individuals who have committed a crime. Conclusion: It has been observed that studies that will help individuals who have criminal behavior to control their aggression and increase their self-esteem are important in reducing the tendency to crime. For this reason, it is thought that psychosocial studies in penal institutions should be based on developing awareness and sensitivity towards behaviors and violence, strengthening the self-esteem of individuals and ensuring positive behavioral change before release.

Keywords: Draw-A-Person Test; projective tests; crime; criminal; personality
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