Journal of Literature Pharmacy Sciences

Sporcularda Kullanımı Yasak Olan Doping Etkili Maddeler
Agent with Doping Effects That are Prohibited for the Use of Athletes
Göksun DEMİRELa, Derya DOĞANAYb
aÇukurova Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi, Farmasötik Toksikoloji ABD, Adana, TÜRKİYE
bBiruni Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi, Farmasötik Mikrobiyoloji ABD, İstanbul, TÜRKİYE
J Lit Pharm Sci. 2020;9(2):158-70
doi: 10.5336/pharmsci.2019-72313
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Dünya üzerinde, ilk çağlardan bu zamana pek çok farklı spor dalı oluşturulduğu, her geçen gün geliştirildiği ve günümüzde de sürdürülmeye devam etmekte olduğu bilinmektedir. Spor dallarında, antrenman performansının yanında uygulanan beslenme şekli ve kullanılan takviyeler de oldukça önem teşkil etmektedirler. Özellikle yarışlarda oluşan rekabet durumunun, sporcuları performans artırıcı arayışına itmekte olduğu dikkat çekmektedir. Bu durum sporcuları çeşitli ilaç ve yöntemler kullanmaya sürüklemiş, bunun sonucu olarak da etik olmayan durumlar ve hayati riske kadar gidebilecek yan etkiler gözlenmesine sebep olmuştur. Bu hem etik olmayan hem de sağlık açısından istenmeyen sonuçlara yol açan davranışlar, spor müsabakalarında yasal düzenlemelerle önlenmeye çalışılmaktadır. Her geçen gün yenileri sentezlenen, üretimleri dünyanın her yerinde legal ve illegal yollarla devam eden bu maddelerin piyasalardaki varlığı, müsabakalarda önem taşıyan yasal düzenlemelerin sürekli güncellenmesini gerektirmektedir. Dünya Anti-Doping Ajansı [World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA)] gibi önde gelen oluşumlar, detaylı testlerle yasal olmayan durumların oluşmaması için sıkı kontroller yapmaktadır. Bu derlemede, yasal düzenlemelere göre hangi tür ilaçların, sporcu kullanımlarında yasak ve kısıtlı olduğu; hangi tür yöntemlerin uygulanmaması gerektiği ile bu kullanımların gerçekleşmesi hâlinde performans üzerindeki etkinin nasıl olacağı ve ne şekilde artış göstereceği; ayrıca istenmeyen yan etkilerin ne şekilde oluşabileceği hakkında detaylı bilgi verilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda konu üzerine yapılmış araştırmaların sunulması hedeflenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Doping; sporcu ilaçları; WADA; spor eczacılığı
ABSTRACT
 It is known that from the first era of man kind to until now, people found many different sport branches, it has developed every passing day and still continues to to develop in our days. Aside from the performance training, the type of diet and the supplements consumed are also very important. Especially due to intense competitions, the athletes are forced to search other performance increasing methods aside from trainings. This situation led athletes to use variety of drugs and methods which resulted in many unethical situations and life threatening side effects have been observed. This type of unethical cases and the behaviors causing unwanted health risks are tried to prevent by legal regulations in sport tournaments. New forms of these substances are synthesized every passing day and they are continuously produced around the globe both legally and illegally. Their existence in the market causes legal regulations for sport tournaments to be updated all the time. Leading institutions like World Anti-Doping Agent (WADA) apply strict controls with detailed tests to prevent this type of illegal situations. The aim of this article is to give detailed information about what kind of drugs are prohibited for the consumption of atlethes and which type of drugs have limited usage. In addition which type of methods should not be applied according to legal regulations and in case of utilization of these substances, what kind of an effect would they have on performance and how would they increase it. It is aimed to present what type of undesirable side effects would they cause and related to have been done on this topic.

Keywords: Doping; medicine use in sports; WADA; sports pharmacy
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