Journal of Traditional Medical Complementary Therapies

.: REVIEW
Sanal Gerçeklik Teknolojileri ve Kronik Ağrı
Virtual Reality Technologies and Chronic Pain
Özgül ÖZTÜRKa, Özlem FEYZİOĞLUa
aAcıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon ABD, İstanbul, TÜRKİYE
J Tradit Complem Med. 2020;3(2):211-6
doi: 10.5336/jtracom.2019-72224
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Ağrı, akut veya kronik karakterde seyreden ve tüm dünyada sağlık sistemlerine ekonomik ve sosyal yük getiren bir sağlık problemidir. Özellikle farklı etiyolojiler sonucunda gelişen kronik ağrı, bireylerin yaşam kalitesini azaltmakta ve psikolojik sorunlara yol açmaktadır. Günümüzde, ağrı ile baş etmede kullanılan medikal tedavilere ek olarak uygulanabilecek konservatif tedavi yöntemleri ile ilgili çalışmalar önem kazanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, kronik ağrı tedavisinde sanal gerçeklik teknolojilerinin yerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Aynı zamanda, sanal gerçeklik sistemlerinin ağrı kontrolündeki mekanizması da araştırılmıştır. Sanal gerçekliğin, özellikle akut ağrı kontrolünde giderek artan bir yeri olduğu gösterilmiştir. Bununla birlikte bu yöntemin kronik ağrılı bireyler üzerinde etkilerinin araştırıldığı çalışmalar, literatürde yer alsa da sayısı ve niteliği oldukça sınırlıdır. Sanal gerçeklik yöntemlerinin ağrı kontrolündeki mekanizması, dikkatin dağıtılması ve geri bildirim sağlanması olarak gösterilmiştir. Fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon alanında farklı patolojiler de araştırılmış, ağrıyı azaltmada, fiziksel aktivitelere katılımda ve motivasyonu artırmada etkin olduğu gösterilmiştir. Sanal gerçeklik yöntemlerinin, ağrının yanı sıra hastanın hareket korkusu ve fonksiyonellik düzeyi üzerine olumlu etkilerinin olduğu da rapor edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte, optimal tedavi protokollerinin geliştirilmesi amacıyla uzun dönem kontrollü ve farklı patolojilerin incelendiği araştırmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Sanal gerçeklik; kronik ağrı
ABSTRACT
 Acute or chronic pain is a health problem that brings economic and social burden to health systems around the world. In particular, chronic pain resulting from different etiologies decreases the quality of life of individuals and causes psychological problems. Recently, studies on conservative treatment methods that can be applied in addition to medical treatments used to cope with pain gain importance. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of virtual reality technologies in the treatment of chronic pain. Also, the mechanism of virtual reality methods in pain control is investigated. Virtual reality has been shown to play an increasingly important role in acute pain control. However, although the studies investigating the effects of this method on chronic pain subjects are reported in the literature, the number and quality of these studies are very limited. The mechanism of virtual reality methods in pain control has been shown as distraction and feedback. It has been investigated in different pathologies in the field of physiotherapy and rehabilitation and has been shown to be effective in reducing pain and increasing participation and motivation in physical activities. Virtual reality methods have been reported to have positive effects on the patient's fear of movement and functionality as well as pain. However, long-term controlled investigations of different pathologies are needed to develop optimal treatment protocols.

Keywords: Virtual reality; chronic pain
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