Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Sağlık Alanında Öğrenim Gören Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Sağlıkta Yapay Zekâ Uygulamaları ve ChatGPT Farkındalığı, Yapay Zekâ Kullanımına Yönelik Görüşleri ve Teknostres Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma
Examination of Artificial Intelligence Applications in Health and ChatGPT Awareness, Opinions on the Use of Artificial Intelligence and Technostress Levels of University Students Studying in the Field of Health: A Cross-Sectional Study
Melda BAŞER SEÇERa
aManisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu, Sağlık Bakım Hizmetleri Bölümü, Yaşlı Bakımı Programı, Manisa, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2024;9(4):856-66
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2024-104224
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu araştırma, sağlık alanında öğrenim gören öğrencilerin, sağlıkta yapay zekâ uygulamaları ve ChatGPT farkındalığı, yapay zekâ kullanımına yönelik görüşleri ve teknostres düzeylerinin ve ilişkili faktörlerin incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırmanın örneklemini 485 sağlık hizmetleri meslek yüksekokul öğrencisi (yaş ortalaması: 20,65±3,09 yıl) oluşturmuştur. Öğrencilerin, yapay zekâ ve ChatGPT farkındalık ve görüşleri, literatür taranarak hazırlanan sorularla, teknostres düzeyleri Teknostres Ölçeği ile sağlıkta yapay zekânın kullanımına yönelik farkındalıkları ise Yapay Zekâ Farkındalık Anketi ile değerlendirilmiştir. İki grup arasındaki ölçüm değerlerinin karşılaştırılmasında, bağımlı gruplarda t-testi, ikiden fazla grupta ölçüm değerlerinin karşılaştırılmasında tek yönlü varyans analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Öğrencilerin %54'ü yapay zekâ teknolojilerinden, %60'ı ChatGPT'den haberdardır, %83'ü yapay zekânın ders müfredatına eklenmesi gerektiğini düşünmektedir. Öğrencilerin teknostres düzeylerinin orta derecede olduğu (ortalama puan: 25,21±10,09), teknostres düzeyinin cinsiyet, sınıf, bölüm ve günlük internet kullanım süresine göre değişmediği bulunmuştur (p>0,05). Öğrencilerin %64'ü yapay zekânın sağlık alanında kullanılması gerektiğini; %83'ü yapay zekâ gibi teknolojik gelişmeleri öğrenmeye ve kullanmaya istekli olduğunu belirtmiştir. Diğer yandan, %45'i yapay zekânın yaygınlaşmasıyla mesleklerinin yok olacağını; %65'i ise yapay zekânın yaygınlaşması ile sağlık çalışanlarına olan ihtiyacın giderek azalacağını düşünmektedir. Sonuç: Öğrencilerde mesleki kaygıların giderilmesi, teknostres düzeyinin kontrolünün sağlanması ve yapay zekâ teknolojileri ve kullanımının benimsenip uygulamaya geçirilebilmesi için ders müfredatlarına, ''Sağlık Hizmetlerinde Dijitalleşme'' veya ''Sağlık Hizmetlerinde Yapay Zekâ'' gibi temaların eklenmesi bu konuda faydalı olabilir. Yapay zekâ teknolojilerinin öğrenilmesi, yeni ve modern sağlık hizmetleri trendlerinin önünü açacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Yapay zekâ; ChatGPT; teknostres; farkındalık
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This research was conducted to examine the awareness of artificial intelligence applications and ChatGPT in health, their opinions on the use of artificial intelligence, technostress levels and related factors of students studying in the field of health. Material and Methods: The sample of the study consisted of 485 health services vocational high school students (mean age: 20.65±3.09 years). Students' awareness and opinions about artificial intelligence and ChatGPT were evaluated with questions prepared by scanning the literature, their technostress levels were evaluated with the Technostress Scale, and their awareness of the use of artificial intelligence in health was evaluated with the Artificial Intelligence Awareness Survey. To compare measurement values between two groups, t-test was used in dependent groups, and one-way analysis of variance was used to compare measurement values in more than two groups. Results: 54% of the students are aware of artificial intelligence technologies, 60% are aware of ChatGPT, and 83% think that artificial intelligence should be added to the course curriculum. It was found that the technostress levels of the students were moderate (mean score: 25.21±10.09), and the technostress level did not change according to gender, class, department and daily internet usage time (p>0.05). 64% of students think that artificial intelligence should be used in the field of health; 83% stated that they are willing to learn and use technological developments such as artificial intelligence. On the other hand, 45% say their jobs will disappear with the spread of artificial intelligence; 65% think that the need for healthcare workers will gradually decrease with the widespread use of artificial intelligence. Conclusion: Adding themes such as ''Digitalization in Health Services'' or ''Artificial Intelligence in Health Services'' to the course curricula may be useful in order to eliminate Professional concerns in students, control the level of technostress, and adopt and implement artificial intelligence technologies and their use. Learning artificial intelligence technologies will pave the way for new and modern healthcare trends.

Keywords: Artificial intelligence; ChatGPT; technostress; awareness
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