Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

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Radikal Prostatektomi Sonrası Cinsel Yaşam ve Yaşam Kalitesi
Sexual Life and Quality of Life After Radical Prostatectomy
Sevgi ÇOLAKa, Fatma VURALb
aDokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Cerrahi Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ABD, İzmir, TÜRKİYE
bDokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi, Cerrahi Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ABD, İzmir, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2021;13(3):711-6
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2020-79099
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Prostat kanseri, dünya çapında erkekler arasında en yaygın 2. kanserdir. Prostat kanserinin kesin tedavisi, ancak tümörün prostat bezi ile sınırlı olması durumunda mümkündür. On yıldan fazla yaşam beklentisi olan ve komorbid hastalıklar nedeniyle yüksek riskli kabul edilmeyen hastalar, radikal prostatektomi için uygun kabul edilir. Radikal prostatektomi, tüm prostat bezlerini, lenf düğümlerini ve seminal vezikülleri çıkarma prosedürüdür. Radikal prostatektomi sonrası hastalar, ameliyat ve kanser süreciyle ilgili birçok komplikasyonla baş etmek zorunda kalır. Operasyonun uzun süreli komplikasyonları arasında yer alan idrar kaçırma ve erektil disfonksiyon, hastaların yaşam kalitesini düşürmektedir. Erektil disfonksiyon, en az 6 ay boyunca cinsel aktivite veya yetersiz ereksiyon tamamlanıncaya kadar erektil disfonksiyonu sürdürme ve sürdürme yetersizliğidir. Radikal prostatektomi sırasında kavernöz sinir yaralanması, düz kas hasarı, vasküler travma veya radyoterapi sonrası erektil disfonksiyon görülebilir. Operasyonun uzun süreli komplikasyonları arasında yer alan idrar kaçırma ve erektil disfonksiyon, hastaların sosyal izolasyonu, iletişim sorunları, ağrı, işlev kaybı, rol kaybı gibi sorunlara neden olur. Tüm bu durumlar, hastaların yaşam kalitesini olumsuz etkilemektedir. Hemşireler, radikal prostatektomi sonrası hastaların bilgi ihtiyaçlarının belirlenmesi ve karşılanmasında, desteklenmesinde, komplikasyonların erken teşhis ve tedavisinin sağlanmasında ve böylece yaşam kalitelerinin iyileştirilmesinde çok önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Hemşireler, radikal prostatektomi sonrası hastaların bilgi gereksinimlerini saptamak ve bunları karşılamak, onları desteklemek, komplikasyonların erken tanılanmasını ve yönetimini sağlamak ve böylece yaşam kalitelerini iyileştirmek için çok önemli bir role sahiplerdir. Bu nedenle radikal prostatektomi geçiren hastaların cinsel yaşam ve yaşam kalitesini etkileyen faktörler ve bu faktörlere yönelik hemşirelik yaklaşımlarını açıklamak amacıyla bu derleme yazılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Prostatektomi; cinsel fonksiyon bozukluğu, fizyolojik; yaşam kalitesi; hemşirelik bakımı
ABSTRACT
 Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer among men worldwide. Definitive treatment of prostate cancer is possible only if the tumor is limited to the prostate gland. Patients with a life expectancy of more than ten years and who are not considered high risk due to comorbid diseases are considered eligible for radical prostatectomy. Radical prostatectomy is a procedure to remove all prostate glands, lymph nodes, and seminal vesicles. After radical prostatectomy, patients have to cope with many complications related to the surgery and cancer process. Incontinence and erectile dysfunction, which are among the long-term complications of the operation, reduce the quality of life of patients. Erectile dysfunction is the inability to sustain and maintain erectile dysfunction until sexual activity or inadequate erection is complete for at least six months. During radical prostatectomy, cavernous nerve injury, smooth muscle injury, vascular trauma, or erectile dysfunction may occur after radiotherapy. Urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction, which are among the long-term complications of the operation, cause problems such as social isolation of patients, communication problems, pain, loss of function, and loss of role. All these situations adversely affect the patients' quality of life. Nurses play a very important role in identifying and meeting the information needs of patients after radical prostatectomy, supporting them, providing early diagnosis and treatment of complications, and thus improving their quality of life. For this reason, this review was written to explain the factors affecting the sexual life and quality of life of patients undergoing radical prostatectomy and their nursing approaches to these factors.

Keywords: Prostatectomy; sexual dysfunction, physiological; quality of life; nursing care
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