Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Surgical Medical Sciences

Nöroonkolojik Cerrahi Özel Sayısı I
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Primer Santral Sinir Sistemi Lenfomaları:91 Hastanın Klinikopatolojik Retrospektif Analizi
PRIMARY CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM LYMPHOMAS: RETROSPECTIVE CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF 91 PATIENTS
Çiçek BAYINDIRa, Naci BALAKb, Özgür METEa, Gülay YÜZERa
aPatoloji ABD, Nöropatoloji BD, İstanbul Üniversitesi İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi, İSTANBUL bNöroşirurji Kliniği, İstanbul Göztepe Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, İSTANBUL
Turkiye Klinikleri J Surg Med Sci. 2007;3(34):175-81
Article Language: TR
ÖZET
Primer santral sinir sistem lenfomaları (PSSSL), vücudun herhangi bir yerinde primer bir odak olmaksızın, tipik olarak beyin, göz, spinal kord ve beyin omurilik sıvısına lokalize olan nadir, ekstranodal non-Hodgkin lenfomalar olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Son 15-30 yıl içinde PSSSL'nin sıklığında belirgin artıs bildirilmektedir. Primer beyin tümörleri içinde, PSSSL'lerin görülme oranındaki bu artısın nedenleri, tanı yöntemlerindeki gelismelere, immünsüpresif hasta sayısının artısına bağlanmaktadır. Ülkemizde epidemiyoloji ve hastalık istatistiklerinin yetersiz olması nedeniyle PSSSL' nin gerçek sıklığı net olarak bilinmemektedir. Bu çalısmada 1989-2007 yılları arası Anabilim dalımızda tanı alan 91 adet primer santral sinir sistemi lenfoma olgusuna ait patolojik özelliklerle, ulasılabilen klinik özellikler analiz edildi. Olgularımız 27 kadın, 64 erkek hastadan olusmaktaydı. Yas dağılımları 16-78 arasındaydı (ortalama= 49.38). Olgularımızda HIV seropozitifliği yoktu. Biyopsi veya ameliyat materyeli gönderme formlarının sadece 49'unda (%54) klinik ön tanı bildirilmistir. Bunlar; 13 hastada lenfoma, 3 hastada granülomatöz hastalık, 8 hastada glial tümör, 11 hastada metastaz, 3 hastada meningiom ve 11 hastada intrakranyal yer kaplayıcı lezyon olarak belirtilmistir. Lezyonların nöroradyolojik dağılımları ile ilgili olarak da sadece 56 (%62) hastanın bilgisine ulasıldı. Otuz dört olguya anti-CD3 ve CD20, diğer olgulara ise anti-LCA (Leukocyte Common Antigen) immünreaksiyonu uygulanmıstır. Antijenik inceleme yapılan 34 olgunun tümünde B hücre (anti-CD20 pozitif) fenotipi görülmüstür. Tedavi bilgisine ulasılabilen 15 hastanın 7'sine radyoterapi, 8'ine kemoterapi ve radyoterapi uygulandığı bilinmektedir. PSSSL' ler konusunda doğru davranmak için, hastalığın basından sonuna kadar geçen her asamada tanı ve tedavide yer alan bütün birimlerin yakın is birliği içinde olmaları ve birlikte belirledikleri yazılı protokole kesin uyum göstermeleri gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Ekstra-nodal lenfomalar, epstein-Barr virüsü, HIV, non-Hodgkin lenfoma, primer santral sinir sistemi lenfoması
ABSTRACT
Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is defined as a rare form of extra nodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma, which is confined to brain, orbit, spinal cord and cerebrospinal fluid without evidence of a primary focus elsewhere in the body. During the last 15- 30 years, PCNSL has undergone a dramatic increase in incidence. Its proportional increase among primary cerebral tumors is attributed to the development in the diagnostic tools and increase in the number of immunocompromised patients. The exact frequency of PCNSL in our country is not known due to insufficient epidemiological and statistical data. In this study, we analyzed clinically and pathologically 91 cases of PCNSL, which were diagnosed at our department between 1989 and 2007 (64 males and 27 females, age range 16-78, mean=49.38). No cases were sero-positive for HIV. The clinical diagnoses had been reported in the biopsy request sheets of only 49 patients (54%). The clinical diagnosis had been written as lymphoma in 13 patients, granulomatous disease in 3 patients, glial tumor in 8 patients, metastases in 11 patients, meningioma in 3 patients and intracranial space occupying lesion in 11 patients. Information about the site of the lesion had been given in only 56 patients (62 %). Anti-CD3 and CD20 immunoreaction was applied in 34 cases and the tumoral cells in all those cases were anti-CD20-positive B cells. In the other cases, anti-LCA (Leukocyte common antigen)immunoreaction was studied. Information about the treatment had been obtained in 15 patients, 8 of them had received both chemotherapy and radiotherapy and 7 of them had received only radiotherapy. To manage the patients with PCNSL appropriately, it is necessary that all the health care team should be in tight collaboration during every stage of both diagnoses and treatment processes from the beginning. A pre-determined written protocol should also be used and strictly complied with.

Keywords: Extra-nodal lymphomas, epstein-Barr virus, HIV, non-hodgkin lymphoma, primary central nervous system lymphoma

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30.03.2014

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