Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: REVIEW
Postpartum Dönemde Göz Ardı Edilen Bir Sorun: Paternal Depresyon
The Problem Overlooked in Postpartum Period: Paternal Depression
Aslıhan AKSUa, Duygu VEFİKULUÇAY YILMAZa
aDoğum, Kadın Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ABD, Mersin Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi,
Mersin, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2019;11(3):324-30
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2019-65220
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Postpartum dönem, anne ve babalar için fiziksel, ruhsal ve sosyal değişikliklerin yaşandığı önemli bir geçiş dönemidir. Ebeveynliğe geçiş sürecinde anne ve babalar bu değişikliklerin etkisiyle ruhsal sorunlarla sık karşılaşmaktadır. Günümüzde postpartum maternal depresyon iyi bilinmekte ve kapsamlı bir şekilde araştırılmaktadır. Buna karşılık postpartum paternal depresyon, az görülen ve yeterince tanı konmamış önemli bir sağlık sorunudur. Babalarda postpartum depresyon ve aile üzerindeki etkileri yaygın olarak bilinmemektedir. Yapılan çalışmalar, postpartum dönemde anneler gibi babaların da ruh sağlığının optimal düzeyde olmasının önemini vurgulamaktadır. Buna ek olarak çalışmalarda, paternal postpartum depresyonun, aile sağlığını ve çocuk gelişimini olumsuz yönde etkilediği belirtilmektedir. Özellikle postpartum depresyonu olan babaların çocuklarında ileriki dönemlerde davranış bozuklukları, duygusal sorunlar ve hiperaktivite gibi psikopatolojik sorunlar görülebileceği belirtilmiştir. Bu yüzden postpartum dönemde görülen depresyonun sadece anne değil baba için de bir risk olduğu görülmektedir. Aile ile en sık iletişime geçmekte olan hemşirelere bu dönemde önemli roller düşmektedir. Postpartum sağlık hizmetleri planlanırken babanın da göz önüne alınması gerekmektedir. Hemşireler tarafından verilen bu döneme ilişkin eğitim ve danışmanlık hizmetlerinin sadece anneye değil, babaya ve bütüncül olarak aileye yönelik hazırlanması gerekmektedir. Bu doğrultuda bu çalışmanın amacı, postpartum paternal depresyonun belirti ve bulguları, görülme sıklığı, risk faktörleri ve etkileri ile ilgili güncel bilgiler sunmak ve postpartum paternal depresyonda hemşirenin rolünü ele almaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Babalar; depresyon; postpartum dönem; hemşirelik
ABSTRACT
 Postpartum period is an important transition period for parents, where physical, psychological and social changes are experienced. Mothers and fathers are frequently faced with mental problems due to these changes. Today, postpartum maternal depression is well known and extensively investigated. On the other hand, postpartum paternal depression is an important health problem with little or no diagnosis. Postpartum depression in fathers and their effects on the family are not widely known. The studies emphasize the importance of the mental health of fathers like mothers in the postpartum period. In addition, it is stated that paternal postpartum depression negatively affects family health and child development. Particularly in studies, it was stated that the children of fathers with postpartum depression may develop psychopathological problems such as behavior disorders, emotional problems and hyperactivity. Therefore, it is seen that postpartum depression is a risk not only for the mother but also for the father. The nurses who communicate most frequently with the family have an important role in this period. The father should also be considered in the planning of postpartum health services. Training and counseling services related to the postpartum period given by the nurses should be prepared not only for the mother but also for the father and the whole family. Therefore the purpose of this review is to present the current information about the signs and symptoms, the incidence, risk factors and effects of postpartum paternal depression and the role of the nurse in postpartum paternal depression.

Keywords: Fathers; depression; postpartum period; nursing
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