Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

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Periferik Venöz Kateter Kaynaklı Flebit Gelişme Durumu ve Hemşirelerin Kanıta Dayalı Uygulamalara İlişkin Bilgi Düzeyleri: Nokta Prevalans Çalışması
Phlebitis Associated with Peripheric Venous Catheter Development and Knowledge of Nurses on Evidence- Based Practices: Point Prevalence Study
Betül TOSUNa, Betül KILIÇ ARSLANb, Nurten ÖZENc
aHasan Kalyoncu Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, Gaziantep, TÜRKİYE
bGülhane Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
cDemiroğlu Bilim Üniversitesi İstanbul Florence Nightingale Hastanesi, Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu, İstanbul, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2020;12(1):72-82
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2019-70847
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Cerrahi kliniklerde flebit prevalansını, etkileyen faktörleri ve hemşirelerin periferik venöz kateter (PVK) ilişkili enfeksiyonların önlenmesi konusunda kanıta dayalı uygulamalara ilişkin bilgi düzeylerini belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Prospektif gözlemsel ve tanımlayıcı tipte tek günlük nokta prevalans çalışması, Ocak-Mart 2019 tarihleri arasında bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesinin yetişkin cerrahi servislerinde yatarak tedavi gören 103 hasta ve bu birimlerde çalışan 159 hemşire ile yürütüldü. Verilerin toplanmasında katılımcıların tanıtıcı özelliklerine ilişkin soru formu, PVK ilişkili flebit değerlendirme formu, flebit tanılama skalası ile PVK ilişkili enfeksiyonları önlemeye yönelik soru formu kullanıldı. Bulgular: Hastaların yaş ortalaması 51,17±19,60 yıl ve %59,2'si (n=61) erkektir. Hastaların %24,3'ünde (n=25) flebit semptomları geliştiği saptandı. İntravenöz antibiyotik tedavisi alan (p=0,003), total parenteral beslenme solüsyonu verilen (p=0,001), aynı damara girişim sıklığı birden fazla olan (p=0,027) hastalarda flebit semptomları görülme sıklığı daha fazlaydı. Yaş ortalaması yüksek olan hastalarda (p=0,023) ve kateter takılma süresi ortalaması daha uzun olanlarda (p=0,001) daha fazla flebit görüldü. Hemşirelerin yaş ortalaması 38,21±17,69 yıl ve çoğunluğu (%71,7, n=114) lisans mezunudur. Hemşirelerin PVK ilişkili enfeksiyonları önlemeye yönelik soru formu puan ortalaması 4,51±1,67 olarak saptandı. Sonuç: Cerrahi kliniklerde tedavi gören PVK olan hastaların dörtte birinde flebit semptomları geliştiği, hemşirelerin PVK ilişkili enfeksiyonların önlenmesinde kanıta dayalı uygulamalar konusunda bilgi düzeylerinin düşük olduğu saptandı.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Periferik venöz kateter; flebit; kanıta dayalı uygulamalar; hemşirelik
ABSTRACT
 Objective: To determine the phlebitis prevalence and affecting factors and the knowledge of nurses on evidence-based practices related to avoiding peripheric venous catheter (PVC) associated infections in surgical clinics. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional prospective observational point prevalence study was conducted in adult surgical wards of a training and research hospital, in June-March 2019. The sample consisted of 103 patients with peripheric venous catheter and 159 nurses working in surgical clinics. The data was collected by 'Phlebitis Scale', 'Questionnaire for Avoiding Infections Associated with PVC' and data collection forms developed by researchers. Results: Mean age of patients was 51.17±19.60 years and 59.2% (n=61) were male. Phlebitis associated with peripheric venous catheter prevalence was 24.3% (n=25). Phlebitis frequency was higher in patients who were given intravenous antibiotics (p=0.003), who were given total parenteral nutrition solution (p=0.001), who had multiple interventions on the same vein (p=0.027). Phlebitis frequency was higher in patients with higher mean age (p=0.023) and patients who had longer mean catheterization time (p=0.001). Mean age of nurses was 38.21±17.69 years and the majority of them (71.7%, n=114) had bachelor's degree. In assessment of knowledge of nurses on avoiding phlebitis, mean correct answer was 4.51±1.67 over 10 questions. Conclusion: It is found that in the surgical clinics one fourth of patients with PVC had phlebitis symptoms associated with PVC and the knowledge of nurses on evidence-based practices for avoiding PVC associated infections was not at desired levels.

Keywords: Peripheric venous catheter; phlebitis; evidence-based practices; nursing
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