Turkiye Klinikleri Cardiovascular Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Periferik Arter Ameliyatı Olan Hastaların Öğrenme Gereksinimleri ve Etkileyen Faktörlerin Belirlenmesi
Determination of Learning Needs of Patients with Peripheral Artery Surgery and Determination of Affecting Factors
Büşra AKYOLa, Aylin DURMAZ EDEERb
aSiirt Devlet Hastanesi, Çocuk Acil Servisi, Siirt, TÜRKİYE
bDokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi, Cerrahi Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ABD, İzmir, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Cardiovasc Sci. 2021;33(1):31-41
doi: 10.5336/cardiosci.2020-78275
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Araştırma, periferik arter ameliyatı olmuş hastaların öğrenme gereksinimleri ve etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi için yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma, tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel bir araştırmadır. Çalışmanın evrenini, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hastanesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi İzmir Bozyaka Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi ve İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Atatürk Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi'nde periferik arter ameliyatı olmuş hastalar oluşturmuştur. Örnekleme, 150 hasta alınmıştır. Veriler, sosyodemografik ve klinik özellikleri formu ile Hasta Öğrenim Gereksinimleri Ölçeği (HÖGÖ) kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen verilerin değerlendirilmesinde t-testi, Mann-Whitney U ve Kruskal-Wallis testleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Hastaların yaş ortalaması 64,02±9,74; %79,3'ü erkek, %82,7'si evli, %44'ü ilkokul mezunudur. Hastaların %80,7'sinin kronik hastalığı ve %65,3'ünün sigara kullanım öyküsü bulunmaktadır. Hastaların %78,7'si taburculuk eğitimi almamıştır. HÖGÖ toplam puan ortalamasının 194,17±27,66; önemlilik düzeyinin 3,88 ve çok önemli olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Hastaların HÖGÖ alt boyutlarından en yüksek puan ortalaması ilaçlardan (önemlilik düzeyi=4,32), en düşük ise duruma ilişkin duygulardan (önemlilik düzeyi=2,85) elde edilmiştir. Kadın hastaların, ilaçlar alt boyutu dışında diğer alt boyut ve ölçek toplam puan ortalamaları, 75-84 yaş aralığında olan hastaların duruma ilişkin duygular; okuryazar ve kronik hastalığı olan hastaların cilt bakımı; sigara içmeyen hastaların toplum ve izlem, duruma ilişkin duygular, cilt bakımı ve açık ameliyat olan hastaların yaşam kalitesine yönelik alt boyut puan ortalamaları anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulunmuştur (p <0,05). Sonuç: Periferik arter ameliyatı olan hastaların, taburculuk öncesi öğrenme gereksinimlerinin yüksek olduğu ve ilaçlara yönelik öğrenme gereksinimlerinin en önemli ihtiyaç olduğu bulunmuştur. Hastaların cinsiyetine, sigara içme durumuna, acil ameliyat olma durumuna göre öğrenme gereksinimleri farklılık göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Hastanın taburcu olması; periferal arteriyel hastalık; postoperatif bakım
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The study was conducted to determine the learning needs and factors affecting the patients with peripheral arterial surgery. Material and Methods: The study is a descriptive and crosssectional study. The universe of the study consisted of patients who had undergone peripheral artery surgery in Dokuz Eylul University Hospital, Health Sciences University İzmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital and İzmir Katip Çelebi University Atatürk Training and Research Hospital. 150 patients were included in the sample. The data were collected using the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics form and the Patient Learning Needs Scale (PLNS). t-test, Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to evaluate the data obtained in the study. Results: The average age of the patients was 64.02±9.74, 79.3% were male, 82.7% were married, 44% were primary school graduates. 80.7% of the patients have a chronic disease and 65.3% have a smoking history. 78.7% of the patients did not receive discharge training. It was concluded that the mean total score of PLNS was 194.17±27.66, the level of significance was 3.88 and it was very important. The patients have obtained the highest mean score from the drugs (level of significance=4.32) and the lowest from the feelings related to condition (level of significance=2.85) from the PLNS subscales. Except for the medications subscale of female patients, the mean scores of other subscales and the scale were significant. The feelings related to condition subscale of patients between the ages of 75-84, the skincare subscale of the literate patients and the patients with chronic diseases, the feelings related to condition, the skincare, and the community and follow-up subscales of non-smoking patients, the skincare subscale of patients with open surgery, the feelings related to condition subscale of patients who underwent emergency surgery were significantly higher (p <0.05). Conclusion: It was found that patients with peripheral artery surgery had high and important learning needs before discharge. It was found that female patients, patients with open surgery, patients who underwent emergency and non-smoking patients had high learning needs.

Keywords: Patient discharge; peripheral arterial disease; postoperative care
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