Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dermatology

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Mesleki Kontakt Dermatitli Hastaların Yama Testi Sonuçları
Patch Test Results of Patients with Occupational Contact Dermatitis
Semih GÜDERa, Şafak METEKOĞLUb, İlteriş Oğuz TOPALc, Mehmet MELİKOĞLUd
aİstanbul Meslek Hastalıkları Hastanesi,
bİstanbul Üniversitesi Beyazıt Medikososyal Merkezi,
cDeri ve Zührevi Hastalıkları Kliniği, Okmeydanı Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, İstanbul, TÜRKİYE
dDeri ve Zührevi Hastalıkları ABD, Atatürk Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Erzurum, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Dermatol. 2019;29(3):113-9
doi: 10.5336/dermato.2019-66388
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Mesleki kontakt dermatitli hastaların yama testi sonuçlarını incelemek ve değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: 2015-2016 yılları arasında İstanbul Meslek Hastalıkları Hastanesine primer olarak deri şikâyetiyle başvuran ve mesleki kontakt dermatit (MKD) tanısı alan 51 hastanın yama testi sonuçları geriye dönük olarak dosyalarından elde edildi. Yama testi olarak 36 alerjenden oluşan T.R.U.E. (Thin layer-Rapid-Use-Epicutaneus) test kullanıldı. Test okumaları 48 ve 72. Saatlerde Uluslararası Kontakt Dermatit Araştırma Grubu'nun belirlediği kriterlere göre değerlendirilip kaydedildi. İstatistiksel analizlerde Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16 programı kullanıldı. Gruplar arasındaki kategorik veriler 'Pearson ChiSquare' testi ile karşılaştırıldı. İstatistiksel anlamlılık sınırı p<0,05 kabul edildi. Bulgular: Hastalarımızın 42 (%82,4)'si erkek, 9 (%17,6)'u kadındı. Toplam 51 hastanın 22 (%43,1)'sinde yama testinde en az bir alerjene pozitif reaksiyon bulunurken, 29 (%56,9) hastada ise test negatif olarak saptandı. Yama testinde en sık saptanan alerjenler sırasıyla potasyum dikromat (%31,8), nikel sülfat (%27,2) ve karbamiks (%18,1) idi. En sık metal (%27,5), tekstil (%15,7), otomotiv (%9,8), matbaa (%9,8) ve temizlik (%7,8) sektörü çalışanı mevcuttu. Sonuç: Mesleki kontakt dermatitli hastalarda önemli oranda yama testi pozitifliği olduğunu ve mesleğe bağlı olarak çeşitli alerjenlerin var olduğunu saptadık. Bunun için ilgili hekim, işçi ve toplumun bilinçlendirilmesi amaçlı girişimlerin yapılmasının önemli olduğunu düşünüyoruz. Yama testi irritan ve alerjik kontakt dermatitin ayrımında önemlidir, fakat yalancı pozitif veya negatif reaksiyonlar sebebiyle MKD tanısı için klinik bulguların değerlendirilmesiyle beraber hastaların takibinin yapılması gereklidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Mesleki dermatitler; yama testi; alerjik kontakt dermatit
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The aim of this study was to examine and evaluate the patch test results of patients with occupational contact dermatitis. Matherial and Methods: Between 2015-2016, the patch test results of 51 patients admitted to the Istanbul Occupational Diseases Hospital with a primary skin complaint and diagnosed as occupational contact dermatitis (OCD) were obtained retrospectively from their files. As a patch test, T.R.U.E. (Thin layer-Rapid-Use-Epicutaneus) test was used, readings were performed according to the criteria determined by the International Contact Dermatitis Research Group (ICDRG) at 48th and 72th hours. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16 program was used for statistical analysis. Categorical data between groups were compared with Pearson ChiSquare test. The statistical significance limit was set at p<0.05. Results: 42 (82.4%) of our patients were male and 9 (17.6%) were female. Of the 51 patients, 22 (43.1%) had a positive reaction to at least one allergen in the patch test, whereas the test was negative in 29 (56.9%) patients. The most common allergens found in patch test were potassium dichromate (31.8%), nickel sulfate (27.2%) and carbamix (18.1%). Most of the employees were metal (27.5%), textile (15.7%), automotive (9.8%), printing (9.8%) and cleaning (7.8%). Conclusion: We found that there was a significant patch test positivity in patients with OCD depending on the profession. We believe that it is important to make initiatives to raise awareness of the physicians, workers and the community. The patch test is important in the differentiation of irritant and allergic contact dermatitis, but due to false positive or negative reactions, follow-up of the patients with clinical signs of diagnosis of OCD is necessary.

Keywords: Occupational dermatitis; patch test; allergic contact dermatitis
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