Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Pediatrics

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Orta Karadeniz Bölgesi'nde Bir Üçüncü Basamak Tedavi Merkezinde Preterm İnfantlardaki Prematüre Retinopatisi İnsidansı
The Incidence of Retinopathy of Prematurity in the Preterm Infants in a Tertiary Center in the Middle Black Sea Region
Şerife Gülhan KONUKa, Selim DEMİRb, Özlem EŞKİ YÜCELa, Bilge ERAYDINa
aGöz Hastalıkları ABD, Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Samsun, TÜRKİYE
bGöz Hastalıkları ABD, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Tokat, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Pediatr. 2019;28(3):115-20
doi: 10.5336/pediatr.2019-65654
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Prematüre retinopatisi [retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)] tarama muayenesi yapılan preterm infantlarda ROP varlığı, muayene bulguları ve tedavi oranlarını incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesinde, Ocak 2015-2017 tarihleri arasında ROP için takip edilmiş preterm infantların kayıtları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Doğum haftası (DH) ≤34 hafta veya doğum ağırlığı (DA)≤1.750 g olan bebekler çalışmaya dâhil edildi. Cinsiyet, DH, DA, kuvöz süresi, ROP varlığı ve derecesi ile ROP için tedavi gereksinimi kaydedilerek analiz edildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya 395 (%51,2)'i kız 377 (%48,8)'si erkek olan toplam 772 infant dâhil edildi. Ortalama DH 30,2±2,2 hafta ve ortalama DA 1.314±302 g idi. Bebeklerin 413 (%53,5)'ünde herhangi bir evre ROP tespit edildi. Cinsiyetin ROP gelişimi ile ilişkisi yoktu (p=0,808). ROP gelişen bebeklerin DH ve DA sırası ile 29,5 hafta ve 1.219 g idi ve her iki değişken de ROP gelişimi ile ilişkiliydi (p<0,001). ROP gelişen ve gelişmeyen bebeklerin ortalama kuvözde kalma süreleri sırası ile 43 ve 27 gündü (p<0,001). Yetmiş üç (%9,5) bebeğe ROP tedavisi uygulanmıştı. Tedavi oranı erkek bebeklerde %11,4 iken, kız bebeklerde %7,6 idi (p=0,071). DH≥32 hafta olan hiçbir bebekte tedavi gerekli olmadı. Sonuç: Çalışmamızda elde edilen ROP insidansı ve tedavi gereksinimi ülkemizde daha önceden belirtilen oranlar ile benzerdi. Düşük DH ve DA, ROP gelişimi için önemli risk faktörleriydi. Kuvözde kalma süresi daha uzun olan bebeklerde ROP görülme oranı daha fazla idi.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Prematüre retinopatisi; doğum haftası; doğum kilosu; insidans
ABSTRACT
 Objective: To evaluate the presence, findings and treatment rates of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in preterm infants screened for ROP. Material and Methods: The medical records of preterm infants who were screened for ROP at Ondokuz Mayıs University Hospital Ophthalmology Clinic between January 2015-2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Babies with a gestational age (GA) of ≤34 weeks or birth weight (BW) of ≤1.750 grams were included in the study. The gender, GA, BW, incubation time, the presence and severity of ROP, and treatment requirement for ROP were recorded and analyzed. Results: A total of 772 infants were included in the study: 395 (51.2%) were female and 377 (48.8%) were male. The mean GA was 30.2±2.2 weeks and the mean BW was 1.314±302 grams. Any stage ROP was detected in 413 (53.5%) infants. Gender was not associated with the development of ROP (p=0.808). The GA and BW of the infants with ROP were 29.5 weeks and 1.219 grams, and both variables were associated with the development of ROP (p<0.001). Babies with and without ROP stayed in the incubator for an average of 43 and 27 days, respectively (p<0.001). Seventy three (9.5%) infants were treated for ROP. The rate of treatment was 11.4% for male and 7.6% for female infants (p=0.071). No infants with DH≥32 weeks required treatment. Conclusion: The incidence of ROP and the need for treatment in our study were similar to those reported previously in our country. Low GA and BW were important risk factors for the development of ROP. The incidence of ROP was higher in infants who stayed longer in the incubator.

Keywords: Retinopathy of prematurity; gestational age; birth weight; incidence
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