Organ Transplantations and Nursing Care

.: CHAPTERS
Organ Naklinin Tarihsel Gelişimi
Historical Development of Organ Transplantation
Neriman AKYOLCUa, Sennur KULA ŞAHİNa
aİstinye Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, Cerrahi Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ABD, İstanbul, TÜRKİYE
Akyolcu N, Kula Şahin S. Organ naklinin tarihsel gelişimi. Özbaş A, editör. Organ Nakilleri ve Hemşirelik Bakımı. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2021. p.1-5.
Article Language: TR
ÖZET
Yaklaşık son 65 yıl boyunca tıp bilimlerinde en dikkat çekici ve önemli terapötik gelişmelerden biri olan organ nakli, başlangıçta rutin ve güvenilir uygulama için 'klinik deney' olarak adlandırılabilecek bir durumdan, klinik olarak etkili, yaşam kurtarıcı ve uygun maliyetli olduğu kanıtlanan bir duruma doğru gelişim göstermiştir. Bu değişim ve gelişimde, kültürel kabul; organ bağışı ve tedarikini kolaylaştırmak için yasal ve politik evrim; organ koruma, cerrahi, immünoloji, immünosupresyondaki teknik ve bilişsel gelişmeler; bulaşıcı hastalıkların yönetimi gibi birçok faktör etkili olmuştur. Türkiye'de ilk başarılı organ nakli, 1975'de Hacettepe Üniversitesi'nde Dr. Haberal ve ark. tarafından anneden alınan böbreğin 12 yaşındaki bir çocuğa nakledilmesi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. İzleyen yıllarda organ naklinin gelişiminde evrensel boyutta etkili olan faktörlerin, ülkemiz tıp bilimlerine olumlu yansımaları sonucu bir hayli ilerleme kaydedilerek çok sayıda doku ve organ nakli başarıyla yapılır hale gelmiştir. Akdeniz Üniversitesi'nde ilk çift önkol nakli (2010), ilk yüz naklinin (2012) yanı sıra Dünyada ve Türkiye'de ilk uterus nakli 2011 yılında gerçekleştirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Organ nakli; tarihçe
ABSTRACT
During last 65 years, one of the most remarkable and important therapeutic advances in medical sciences occurred at organ transplantation which was initially called a 'clinical trial' for routine and reliable practice but later changed to a clinically proven and effective, life-saving and cost-effective development. In this change and development, combination of some serial factors such as cultural acceptance; legal and political evolution to facilitate organ donation and procurement; technical and cognitive developments in organ protection, surgery, immunology, immunosuppression and management of infectious diseases became effective. The first successful organ transplantation in Turkey was carried out at Hacettepe University in 1975 by Dr. Haberal and his friends. It was transferring kidney from a mother to her 12 years old child. In the following years, as a result of positive reflection of the universal factors affecting organ transplantation to medical sciences of our country made a great progress and many tissue and organ transplantation have become succesful. Beside of double forearm (2010) and face transpotation (2012), uterus transplantation were performed at Akdeniz University as the first in Turkey and World in 2011.

Keywords: Organ transplantation; history

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