Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Ophthalmology

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Based Assessment of Macular Vessel Density in Eyes with Keratoconus: Case Control Study
Keratokonuslu Gözlerde Optik Koherens Tomografi Anjiyografi Tabanlı Makula Damar Yoğunluğunun Değerlendirilmesi: Vaka Kontrol Çalışması
Burcu KAZANCIa , Berrak ŞEKERYAPAN GEDİZa, Fatma ÇORAK EROĞLUa , Yasemin ÖZDAMAR EROLa
aClinic of Ophthalmology, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Ophthalmol. 2023;32(4):210-6
doi: 10.5336/ophthal.2023-96806
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: To evaluate the retinal and choroidal microvascular flow measurements in the eyes with keratoconus by using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and compared with a healthy age-gender matched control group. Material and Methods: This is a prospective case-control study in which OCTA data of 30 keratoconus patients and 30 healthy, volunteers were analyzed. The foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) deep capillary plexus (DCP) and central macular thickness (CMT) were evaluated and compared with healthy volunteers. Results: A statistically significant decrease was found in all parts of the SCP of patients with keratoconus compared to the control group. In the DCP layer, whole image (p=0.017), superior-hemi (p=0.46), inferior-hemi (p=0.021), perifoveal (p=0.013), perifoveal superior-hemi (p=0.024), perifoveal inferior (0.01), perifoveal temporal (0.03), perifoveal superior (p=0.013), perifoveal inferior (p=0.005) segments in the keratoconus group were found to be significantly lower than the healthy control group. There were no significant differences in FAZ area and CMT between the groups. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that subclinical anterior segment inflammation in keratoconus can affect the retinal vascular structure. OCTA may be a new clinical marker for evaluating disease activity in keratoconus.

Keywords: Keratoconus; optical coherence tomography angiography; vessel density; inflammation
ÖZET
 Amaç: Keratokonuslu gözlerde retinal ve koroidal mikrovasküler akım ölçümlerini optik koherens tomografi anjiyografi (OKTA) ile değerlendirmek ve sağlıklı yaş-cinsiyet eşleştirilmiş kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırmak. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu, 30 keratokonus hastası ve 30 sağlıklı gönüllünün OKTA verilerinin analiz edildiği prospektif bir vaka-kontrol çalışmasıdır. Foveal avasküler bölge [foveal avascular zone (FAZ)] alanı, yüzeysel kapiller pleksus (YKP), derin kapiller pleksus (DKP) ve santral makula kalınlığı (SMK) değerlendirildi ve sağlıklı gönüllülerle karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Keratokonuslu hastaların YKP'sinin tüm bölümlerinde kontrol grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir azalma bulundu. DKP katmanında tüm görüntü (p=0,017), superior-hemi (p=0,46), inferior-hemi (p=0,021), perifoveal (p=0,013), perifoveal superior-hemi (p=0,024), perifoveal inferior (0,01), perifoveal temporal (0,03), perifoveal superior (p=0,013), perifoveal inferior (p=0,005) segmentlerinde keratokonus grubunda sağlıklı kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı olarak düşük bulundu. Gruplar arasında FAZ alanı ve SMK'de anlamlı fark yoktu. Sonuç: Bu çalışma, keratokonusta subklinik ön segment inflamasyonunun retina damar yapısını etkileyebileceğini göstermektedir. OKTA, keratokonusta hastalık aktivitesini değerlendirmek için yeni bir klinik belirteç olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Keratokonus; optik koherens tomografi anjiyografi; damar dansitesi; inflamasyon
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