All Aspects of Veterinary Public Health

.: PREFACE
ÖN SÖZ
PREFACE
Prof. Dr. Osman YILMAZ
Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Deneysel Hayvan Araştırma Merkezi, İzmir, Türkiye
Article Language: TR
Veteriner Halk Sağlığı, insan ve hayvan sağlığının birlikte ele alındığı, veteriner tıbbının ve insan tıbbının birbirini tamamladığı koruyucu sağlık hizmeti faaliyetidir. Dünyada ilk defa Halk Sağlığı kavramının tartışıldığı yıllarda Amerikalı Veteriner Hekim Frank Seaver Billings (1845-1912) veteriner tıbbının hayvan hastalıklarının önlenmesindeki rolünü dile getirerek, veteriner tıbbının halk sağlığına olan katkısını ortaya koymuştur. Daha sonra Amerikalı Veteriner Hekimler; I. Dünya Savaşı yıllarında Amerikalı Veteriner Hekimlerin halk sağlığı hizmetlerinde gösterdikleri başarı nedeniyle savaş sonrası veteriner tıbbının halk sağlığına olan katkısının, insan tıbbının halk sağlığına olan katkısı ile karışmaması için''Veteriner Halk Sağlığı'' kavramını kullanmışlardır. Dr. James Harlan Steele ''Veteriner Halk Sağlığı''kurumsal yapısının oluşması için yoğun çaba göstermiştir. Amerikalı veteriner hekimlerin girişimleriyle Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ)'nün bünyesinde 1949 yılında ''Veteriner Halk Sağlığı Bölümü'nün kurulmasının ve yine FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) bünyesinde benzer bölümün kurulmasının veteriner halk sağlığı kurumsal yapılanmasında çok önemli destekleri olmuştur. Veteriner Halk Sağlığı insan, hayvan ve çevre sağlığının korunmasında bilimin yanında toplum, siyaset ve ekonominin de içinde barındırıldığı disiplinler arası birçok sağlık faaliyetini kapsamaktadır.

FAO'da kurulan ''Veteriner Halk Sağlığı Bölümü'' gıda üretimi ve güvenliği ile tarımsal üretimden insan ve hayvan sağlığı sorunlarına kadar ilgilenirken, DSÖ'nün bünyesinde kurulan Veteriner Halk Sağlığı bölümü insan tıbbı ile veteriner tıbbını ilgilendiren başta bulaşıcı hastalıklar olmak üzere birçok ortak konularda faaliyetlerini sürdürmektedir. İnsan ve hayvan sağlığı açısından ''Veteriner Halk Sağlığı'', hem ulusal hem küresel sağlığın korunmasına katkı sağlamaktadır.

Mustafa Kemal Atatürk 20. yüzyılın başında parçalanma aşamasına gelmiş Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nun küllerinden, emperyalist ülkelere karşı verdiği kurtuluş mücadelesi sonrasındaTürkiye Cumhuriyeti Devletini kurarak bizlere emanet etmiştir. Cumhuriyetimizin ilanı ile ülkemiz genelinde her alanda olduğu gibi tarımsal kalkınma yolunda başarılı işler yapılmıştır. Tarımsal üretim genç Türkiye'nin kalkınmasının lokomotifi olmuştur. Ulu Önder, Cumhuriyetimizin 15. yılında, 01.11.1938 tarihli söylevinde ''Cumhuriyet'in on beşinci yılı planlı ve sistemli ''Tarım ve Köy'' kalkınmasının başlangıcı olmalıdır'' derken kısa dönemde elde edilen başarının ve bu başarı için sarf edilen emeklerin titizlik ile Türk Ulusunun kalkınmasında değerlendirilmesini dile getirmiştir.

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti kuruluşundan bugüne kadar geçen 100 yıllık süre zarfında, ülkemizde Veteriner Hekimliği eğitiminin başlamasının 181. yılı olmasına rağmen ''Veteriner Halk Sağlığı'' veteriner fakültelerimizde güçlü kurumsal bir yapılanma gerçekleştirememiştir. Bu noktadan hareket ile bu alanda yaşanan boşluğu dolduracağını düşünerek ''Cumhuriyetimizin . Kuruluşunun 100. Yıl Armağanı'' olarak bu kitabın yayınlanması, bir kaynak kitap olarak bu yayını önemli ve özel kılmaktadır.Veteriner tıbbı sadece tarım odaklı olmayıp insan tıbbına da çok önemli katkıları bulunmaktadır. Dünyaca ünlü tıp bilim insanı Prof. Dr. Rudolf L.K Virchow (1821-1902)'un bilimsel bir kongrede; '' tartışmada '' Ben sadece şunu bilirim ki; veteriner tıbbı ile insan tıbbı arasında bir ayrım yoktur, olmamalıdır da zaten, bir alanda elde edilen deneyim diğer alanın gelişmesini destekleyecektir'sözleri ile bu alanın önemini belirtmektedir. Veteriner Halk Sağlığı görev ve faaliyetleri sadece gıda güvenliği ve zoonozlar ile sınırlı olmayıp, temel bilimler dâhil birçok alanda insan tıbbına önemli katkılarda bulunmaktadır. DSÖ'nün 2002 yılında yayınladığı ''Veteriner Halk Sağlığında Yeni Yaklaşımlar (Future Trends in Veterinary Public Health)'' çalışma grubu raporunda belirttiği gibi; ''Veteriner Halk Sağlığının faaliyet alanı sadece veteriner hekimleri kapsamaz, aynı zamanda insan hekimlerini, hemşireleri, mikrobiyologları, hayvan kaynaklı hastalıkların tedavi ve korunmasına katkıda bulunan herkesi içine alır.

Veteriner Halk Sağlığının tüm faaliyet alanlarının hepsine bu kitabımızda yer verememiş olsak da Cumhuriyetimizin 100. yılı nedeniyle ülkemiz açısından önemli ve geleceğe yönelik veteriner ve insan tıbbının interdisipliner çalışmalarına ışık tutacak konu başlıklarını ele alıp siz değerli okuyucularımızla paylaşmak istedik. Cumhuriyetimizin kurucu liderimiz Mustafa Kemal Atatürk başta olmak üzere, şehitlerimizi, hayatta olmayan gazilerimizi ve veteriner halk sağlığını ülkemizde gündeme getirip yıllarca bu bilinci ülkemize yerleştirmeye çalışan Doç. Dr. Osman Nuri Koçtürk'ü diğer bir deyişle Tarhana Osman'ı saygıyla ve minnetle anıyoruz.

Değerli meslektaşlarım; yaklaşık 20 yıldır İzmir Veteriner Hekimler Odası bünyesinde oluşturmuş olduğumuz Veteriner Halk Sağlığı Çalışma Grubunun üyesi ve çalışma grubu başkanlığını yürütmekteydim. Geçen 20 yıllık süre içinde veteriner halk sağlığı konusunda birçok bilimsel faaliyeti birlikte yürüttük. Tüm bu faaliyetlerde veteriner halk sağlığı ve tek sağlık vizyonunu yerleştirmeye, sağlığın korunmasında disiplinler arası işbirliğinin önemini vurgulamaya çalıştık. Tüm faaliyetlerimizde çalışma grubu sekretaryamızı yürüten meslektaşım Vet. Hekim Adnan SERPEN'e özverili ve fedakârca çalışmalarından dolayı ne kadar teşekkür etsem azdır. Adnan Bey ülkemizdeki veteriner halk sağlığı ve tek sağlık konusunda birçok bilimsel faaliyetin içinde çalışma grubumuzu temsil ederek mesleğimizin yeni yüzyıldaki disiplinler arası entegrasyonuna ülkemizde çok önemli katkı sağlamış ve sağlamaktadır.

Değerli meslektaşlarım; bu yüzyılda dünya insan nüfusunun aşırı artması sonucu beslenme, barınma, eğitim, ulaşım ve diğer insan ihtiyaçlarının aşırı arması sonucunda dünyanın tüm zenginlikleri aşırı bir şekilde tüketilmiş ve bunun sonucunda çevre sorunları, sağlık sorunları birbirini ciddi bir şekilde artırmıştır. Bu karmaşık sorunları çözmeye yönelik disiplinlerin tek tek çözme çabaları yetersiz ve eksik kalmıştır. Bu nedenle insan, hayvan ve çevre sağlığının korunmasında disiplinler arası işbirliğine ihtiyaç vardır. Bu kitabın içeriğini; insan, hayvan ve çevre sağlığının korunması noktasında farklı disiplinleri veteriner halk sağlığı çatısı altında bir araya getirerek 37ayrı bölüm makalesinden oluşturduk. Kitabın hazırlanmasında katkılarını esirgemeyen veteriner ve insan tıbbından değerli hocalarımıza ve yazarlarımıza teşekkürü bir borç biliyoruz. Yine bu kitabın yayınlanmasında her türlü desteklerini esirgemeyen Türkiye Klinikleri'ne sonsuz teşekkürlerimizi sunuyoruz. Bu kitap Cumhuriyetimizin 100. yılı nedeniyle ''Ulusumuza ve Bilim Camiamıza'2 armağanımızdır. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'nin 100. yılı ve tüm okurlarımızın Cumhuriyet Bayramı kutlu olsun.

Saygılarımızla.

Prof. Dr. Osman YILMAZ
Editör
Veterinary Public Health is a preventive health service activity in which human and animal health are addressed together and veterinary medicine and human medicine complement each other. In the years when the concept of public health was first discussed in the world, American Veterinarian Frank Seaver Billings (1845-1912) expressed the role of veterinary medicine in the prevention of animal diseases and demonstrated the contribution of veterinary medicine to public health. American veterinarians later used the concept of ''Veterinary Public Health'' to prevent the post-war contribution of veterinary medicine to public health from being confused with the contribution of human medicine to public health, due to the success of veterinarians in public health services during World War I. Dr. James Harlan Steele worked hard to establish the ''Veterinary Public Health'' corporate structure. The establishment of the ''Veterinary Public Health Department'' within the World Health Organization in 1949, with the initiatives of American veterinarians, and the establishment of a similar department within the FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) have been very important supports in the institutional structuring of veterinary public health. Veterinary Public Health covers many interdisciplinary health activities that include society, politics and economy, as well as science, in the protection of human, animal and environmental health.

While the ''Veterinary Public Health Department'' established within FAO deals with food production, food safety, agricultural production and human and animal health problems, the Veterinary Public Health Department established within WHO deals with many common issues concerning human medicine and veterinary medicine, especially infectious diseases. continues its activities. In terms of human and animal health, ''Veterinary Public Health'' contributes to the protection of both national and global health.

Great Leader Mustafa Kemal Atatürk founded the Republic of Türkiye and entrusted it to us after his liberation struggle against imperialist countries from the ashes of the Ottoman Empire, which was on the verge of disintegration at the beginning of the 20th century. With the declaration of our Republic, successful works have been carried out in the field of agricultural development, as in every field throughout our country. Agricultural production has been the locomotive of young Türkiye's development. In his speech dated 01.11.1938, on the 15th anniversary of our Republic, the Great Leader said, ''The fifteenth year of the Republic should be the beginning of the planned and systematic 'Agriculture and Village' development'', and that the success achieved in the short term and the efforts made for this success will be meticulously important in the development of the Turkish Nation. expressed its evaluation.

During the 100 years since the foundation of the Republic of Türkiye and despite the 181st anniversary of the start of Veterinary Medicine education in our country, ''Veterinary Public Health'' has not been able to achieve a strong institutional structure in our veterinary faculties. . Starting from this point, publishing this book as ''The Gift of the 100th Anniversary of the Founding of our Republic'', thinking that it will fill the gap in this field, makes this publication important and special as a reference book. Veterinary medicine is not only focused on agriculture but also makes significant contributions to human medicine. World-famous medical scientist Prof. Dr. Rudolf L.K Virchow (1821-1902) at a scientific congress''; in the discussion ''I only know that; ''There is no distinction between veterinary medicine and human medicine, and there should not be any; experience gained in one field will support the development of the other field," he states the importance of this field. Veterinary Public Health duties and activities are not limited to food safety and zoonoses, but they make significant contributions to human medicine in many areas, including basic sciences. As WHO stated in the ''New Approaches in Veterinary Public Health'' working group report published in 2002; ''The field of activity of Veterinary Public Health includes not only veterinarians, but also human physicians, nurses, microbiologists and all those who contribute to the treatment and prevention of animal-borne diseases.

Although we cannot include all the activity areas of veterinary public health in this book, we wanted to discuss the topics that are important for our country and that will shed light on the interdisciplinary studies of veterinary and human medicine for the future, due to the 100th anniversary of our Republic, and share them with you, our valued readers. Assoc. Prof., who has been trying to raise this awareness in our country for years by bringing up our founding leader of the Republic, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, our martyrs, deceased veterans and veterinary public health in our country. Dr. We remember Osman Nuri Koçtürk, in other words Tarhana Osman, with respect and gratitude.

Dear colleagues, I have been a member and chairman of the Veterinary Public Health Working Group, which we established within the İzmir Chamber of Veterinarians, for nearly 20 years. Over the past 20 years, we have carried out many scientific activities together on veterinary public health. In all these activities, we tried to embed the veterinary public health and single health vision and emphasize the importance of interdisciplinary cooperation in the protection of health. I would like to thank my colleague Adnan SERPEN, who runs our working group secretariat in all our activities, for his devoted work. Mr. Adnan has made a significant contribution to the interdisciplinary integration of our profession in the new century by representing our working group in many scientific activities on veterinary public health and single health in our country.

Dear colleagues, in this century, as a result of the excessive increase in the world's human population, all the riches of the world have been consumed excessively as a result of the excessive demand for nutrition, shelter, education, transportation and other human needs, and as a result, environmental problems and health problems have seriously increased each other. Efforts of individual disciplines to solve these complex problems have been insufficient and incomplete. Therefore, interdisciplinary cooperation is needed in protecting human, animal and environmental health. While creating the content of this book, we created it from 37 separate chapter articles by bringing together different disciplines under the umbrella of veterinary public health in terms of protecting human, animal and environmental health. We would like to express our gratitude to our valuable teachers and authors from veterinary and human medicine who contributed to the preparation of the book. We would also like to express our endless gratitude to the Türkiye Klinikleri for their unwavering support in the publication of this book. This book is our gift to our ''Nation and Science Community'' on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of our Republic. Happy 100th Anniversary of the Republic of Türkiye and Happy Republic Day to all our readers.

Best regards.

Prof. Dr. Osman YILMAZ
Editor

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Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. may block the website to users in the following events:

-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

Written, visual and audible materials of the website, including the code and the software are under protection by legal legislation.

Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

All rights of the software and the design of the website belong to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. will be pleased to hear your comments about our terms of use. Please share the subjects you think may enrich our website or if there is any problem regarding our website.

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