Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Ethics-Law and History

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Ölüm Olgusuna Nedenbilim* ve Felsefe Penceresinden Bir Bakış
A LOOK AT THE FACT OF DEATH FROM THE WINDOW OF ETIOLOGY AND PHILOSOPHY
Eyüp ERDOĞANa
aFelsefe Bölümü, Mersin Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi, MERSİN
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Ethics. 2006;14(2):96-106
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
Ölüm gerçeğine farklı pencerelerden bakan nedenbilim ile felsefenin, ölüm olgusunu soruşturmak adına ortaya koyacakları sorular ve bu soruların yanıtları birbirinden farklıdır. Zira, nedenbilim, ölümün nedenini, nasıl gerçekleştiğini, felsefe ise, ölümün kendisini soruşturur. Ölüm olgusuna nedenbilim penceresinden bakılırken, aynı sonuca farklı nedenlerin yol açabileceğini, ya da aynı nedenin farklı zamanlarda farklı sonuçlara yol açabileceğini dile getiren nedenlerin çokluğu ilkesi, aynı nedenlerin aynı sonuçları doğuracağını, aynı sonuçların nedenlerinin de aynı olacağını dile getiren nedensel düzenlilik ilkesi ve geleceğinde aynen geçmiş gibi olacağını varsayan neden sonuç ilişkileri göz ardı edilmemektedir. Yunanca seviyorum, peşinden koşuyorum, arıyorum anlamına gelen phileo ve bilgi, bilgelik anlamına gelen sophia sözcüklerinden türeyen philosophia, yani felsefe -ki bu haliyle terim, bilgelik sevgisi, ya da bilginin peşinden koşma anlamına gelmektedir- nedenbilim ile bilgiyi aramak amacını paylaşsa da yöntem olarak ayrılır. Bu yüzden de, ölüm olgusunun felsefi açıdan sorgulandığında nedenbilimin sunduğu bilgilerden farklı bilgilere ulaşılması doğal kabul edilmelidir. Özellikleri ve yöntemleri birbirinden çok farklı olan nedenbilimsel ve felsefi soruşturmaları başlatan sorular nelerdir? Ölüm olgusuna bakan diğer bir pencere olan din bu soruşturmaların neresindedir?

Anahtar Kelimeler: Ölüm, nedenbilim, felsefe, din
ABSTRACT
The questions asked by etiology and philosophy in order to investigate the fact of death and the answers they seek are different from each other because they look at the reality of death from different windows. Etiology investigates the reason of the death and how it happens whereas philosophy investigates the death itself. When looking at the fact of death from the window of etiology, the principle of abundance of causes, which proposes that different causes can cause the same result or the same cause can cause diferent results in different times, the principle of causal order, which proposes that same causes cause same results, same results have the same causes, and relationship of cause and result, which supposes that the future would be just like the past, are not overlooked. Philosophia, that is, philosophy, which is derived from phileo, which means I love, I follow, I look for in Greek and sophia, which means wisdom in Greek, means, as it is, the love of wisdom, or following the wisdom - is separated from etiology in terms of its method while it shares with it the aim of looking for wisdom. For this reason, it should be just natural to accept that different results are obtained when looking at the fact of death from the perspective of philosophy and etiology, respectively. What are the beginning questions of etiologycal and philosophical investigations whose characteristics and methods differ dramatically from each other. Where in these investigations is the religion, which is yet another window to look at the fact of death.

Keywords: Death, etioloji, philosophy, religion

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