Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences

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Obezite Prevalansı ve Metabolik Risk Faktörleri ile İlişkisi: Tokat İli Prevalans Çalışması
Obesity Prevalence and Its Association with Metabolic Risk Factors: Tokat Province Prevalence Study
Faruk KUTLUTÜRKa, Banu ÖZTÜRKb, Beytullah YILDIRIMc, Fikret ÖZUĞURLUd, İlhan ÇETİNe, İlker ETİKANf, Hüsamettin SAZLIDEREg, Ramazan TETİKÇOKh, Ali AKBAŞd, İdris ŞAHİNi
aEndokrinoloji ve Metabolizma Hastalıkları BD, bİç Hastalıkları AD, cGastroenteroloji BD, dBiyokimya AD, eHalk Sağlığı AD, fBiyoistatistik AD, gGöğüs Hastalıkları AD, hAile Hekimliği AD, iNefroloji BD, Gaziosmanpaşa Üniveritesi Tıp Fakültesi, Tokat
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci. 2011;31(1):156-63
doi: 10.5336/medsci.2009-14563
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
Amaç: Obezite, ciddi sosyal ve psikolojik etkileriyle tüm yaş ve sosyo-ekonomik grupları ilgilendiren kompleks bir hastalıktır. Güncel çalışmalar, Türk toplumunda obezite prevelansının artmakta olduğunu göstermektedir. Çalışmamızda, Tokat ili kentsel ve kırsal alanlarında obezite prevalansını ve metabolik risk faktörleriyle ilişkisini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma, il, ilçe merkezleri ve seçilen köylerde yapılmıştır. Tokat ilinde yaşayan 18 yaş ve üzerindeki 530000 kişiyi ifade edecek şekilde seçilen 1095 kişi, çalışmaya dahil edildi. Bağımsız değişken olarak; yaş, medeni durum, kadınlarda oral kontraseptif kullanımı, sosyo-ekonomik durum, sigara kullanımı ve alkol kullanımı kaydedildi. Grup I normal (beden kitle indeksi: BKİ ≤ 24.9 kg/m2) olanlar, grup II kilolu (BKİ 25.0-29.9 kg/m2) ve grup III ise obez (BKİ ? 30 kg/m2) olan kişilerden oluşturuldu. Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan 1.095 kişinin 541'i erkek, 554'ü kadındı ve yaş ortalaması 41.4 ± 17 yıldı. BKİ'ye göre %40 (n= 438) normal kilolu, %36.6 (n= 401) fazla kilolu, %23.4 (n =256) obezdi. Kadınlardaki obezite prevalansı %33.6 (n= 186), erkeklerde %12.9 (n= 70) olarak tespit edildi. Bel çevresine göre santral obezite oranı kadınlarda %56.2 (n= 309), erkeklerde %15.1 (n= 81) ve tüm katılımcılarda %35.6 (n= 390)'dı. Yaş gruplarına göre BKİ en yüksek 40-49 yaş grubundaydı. Kırsal ve kentsel bölgelerde yaşayan kişiler arasında BKİ farkı gözlenmedi. Glukoz, total kolesterol, trigliserid, ortalama sistolik ve diyastolik kan basıncı değerleri obez ve fazla kilolu hastalarda anlamlı olarak yüksekti. Sonuç: Bu çalışma Tokat ili erişkinlerinde obezite prevalansının yüksek olduğunu, BKİ ile metabolik risk faktörleri (hipertansiyon, açlık plazma glukozu ve hiperlipidemi), arasında pozitif korelasyon bulunduğunu ve bel çevresine göre santral obezite oranın çok daha yüksek olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu veriler, ülkemizde fazla kiloluluk ve obezite sıklığının artmakta olduğunu ve obeziteyle ilişkili metabolik risk faktörlerinin multidisipliner yaklaşımla değerlendirilmesi gerekliliğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Şişmanlık; kilolu; prevalans; vücut kitle indeksi; bel çevresi
ABSTRACT
Objective: Obesity is a complex disorder involving all ages and socioeconomic groups with its serious social and psychological effects. Current studies show that obesity prevalence is increasing in Turkish population. Our aim in this study was to determine the obesity prevalence and its association with metabolic risk factors in rural and urban areas of Tokat. Material and Methods: This study was conducted in city and county centers and selected villages. Study included 1095 subjects representing 530000 people living in Tokat province. Independent variables were age, marital status, oral contraceptive use, cigarette smoking and alcohol use. Group I consisted of normal subjects (body mass index; BMI ≤24.9 kg/m2), group II overweight (BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m2), and group III obese (BMI ?30 kg/m2) subjects. Results: Study included 541 males and 554 females with mean age of 41.4 ± 17 years. According to BMI, 40% (n= 438) had normal weighted, 36.6% (n= 401) were overweight and 23.4% (n= 256) were obese. Obesity prevalence was 33.6% (n= 186) in females and 12.9% (n= 70) in males. Central obesity according to waist circumference was diagnosed in 56.2% (n= 309) of females, 15.1% (n= 81) of males, and 35.6% (n= 390) of all participants. BMI was highest in 40-49 age group. There was no BMI difference between the people living in rural and in urban areas. Glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, mean systolic and diastolic pressure values were significantly higher in overweight and obese patients. Conclusion: This study has shown that in adults living in Tokat province obesity prevalence is high, there is a correlation between BMI and metabolic risk factors (hypertension, plasma fasting glucose and, hyperlipidemia) and in addition to that central obesity according to waist circumference is much higher. These findings reveal that the frequency of overweight and obese people is increasing in our country and obesity-related metabolic risk factors should be evaluated with a multidisciplinary approach.

Keywords: Obesity; overweight; prevalence; body mass index; waist circumference

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