Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Normal İşiten ve İşitme Kayıplı Çocuklar ile Ebeveynleri Arasındaki İletişimin Değerlendirilmesi: Kesitsel Araştırma
Evaluation of Communication Between Normal Hearing and Hearing Impairment Children with Their Parents: A Cross-Sectional Study
Didem ŞAHİN CEYLANa , Yeter SAÇLIa,b, Busemnaz AVŞARa,c, Gökçe GÜLTEKİNa,d
aÜsküdar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Odyoloji Bölümü, İstanbul, Türkiye
bMarmara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Odyoloji ve Konuşma Bozuklukları Doktora Programı, İstanbul, Türkiye
cÜsküdar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Nörobilim Doktora Programı, İstanbul, Türkiye
dİstanbul Üniversitesi-Cerrahpaşa, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Odyoloji, Dil ve Konuşma Bozuklukları, Doktora Programı, İstanbul, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2024;9(2):342-50
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2023-100168
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, okul öncesi normal işiten ve işitme engelli çocuğa sahip ebeveynlerin çocukları ile kurdukları iletişim becerileri düzeyini karşılaştırmak ve anne-baba-çocuk arasında görülen iletişimsel sorunların nedenlerini araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya çocuğu işitme cihazı kullanıcısı olan 21, koklear implant kullanıcısı çocuğu olan 23 ve normal işiten çocuğu olan 23 ebeveyn katılmıştır. Kahraman (2016) tarafından geliştirilen Ebeveynin Çocuğuyla İletişimi Ölçeği dâhil edilen katılımcılara uygulanmıştır. Veriler Google Forms aracılığı ile toplanmıştır. Ölçeğin alt başlıkları olan problem çözme, paylaşıma açık olma, saygı-kabul, duyarlılık, engelsiz dinleme ile toplam skor bakımından sonuçlar incelenmiştir. İstatistiksel olarak anlamlılık düzeyi p<0,05 olarak belirlenmiştir. Bulgular: Koklear implant kullanan çocuğa sahip ebeveynlerin çocuklarıyla iletişiminin saygı-kabul ve duyarlılık alt faktörlerinde normal işiten ve işitme cihazlı çocuğa sahip ebeveynlere göre daha yüksek olduğu gözlenmiştir (p<0,05). Anketin problem çözme, paylaşıma açık olma ve engelsiz dinleme alt faktörleri ile toplam skoru gruplar arasında farklılık göstermemiştir (p>0,05). Sonuç: Koklear implant kullanıcıları; cerrahi operasyon öncesinde genel gelişim durumu, dil yaşı, psikososyal hâl; implantasyon sonrasında gerekli desteği sağlayacak ve rehabilitasyon sürecinin merkezinde yer alacak ebeveyn desteğine sahip olmaları gibi birçok faktörün uygunluğunun değerlendirildiği bir süreçten geçmektedirler. Bu süreçten geçen ebeveynlerin operasyon sonrası dönemde de odyologlar başta olmak üzere tıbbi ve eğitim profesyonelleri ile sıkı iş birliği içinde olmalarının, iletişim performansı bakımından koklear implantlı çocukların saygı-kabul ve duyarlılık başlıklarındaki skorlarının işitme cihazlı ve normal işiten gruplardan daha yüksek çıkmasını sağlamıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Koklear implant; iletişim; işitme cihazları; ebeveyn çocuk iletişimi
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the level of communication skills of parents with hearing impaired and normal hearing preschool children with their children and to investigate the causes of communicative problems between parents and children. Material and Methods: Twenty-one parents with hearing aid users, 23 parents with cochlear implant users and 23 parents with normal hearing children participated in the study. Parent-Child Communication Scale developed by Kahraman (2016) was applied to the included participants. Data were collected through Google Forms. The results were analyzed in terms of problem solving, openness to sharing, respect-acceptance, sensitivity, unobstructed listening and total score. Statistical significance level was determined as p<0.05. Results: It was observed that parents with cochlear implant users had higher levels of respect-acceptance and sensitivity sub-factors of communication with their children than parents with normal hearing children (p<0.05). The problem solving, openness to sharing and unobstructed listening sub-factors of the questionnaire and the total score did not differ between the groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Cochlear implant users go through a process in which the appropriateness of many factors such as general developmental status, language age, psychosocial status before the surgical operation and having parental support that will provide the necessary support after implantation and be at the center of the rehabilitation process are evaluated. The fact that the parents who went through this process were in close cooperation with medical and educational professionals, especially audiologists in the postoperative period, led to higher scores of children with cochlear implants in respect-acceptance and sensitivity in terms of communication performance.

Keywords: Cochlear implant; communication; hearing aids; parent-child communication
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