Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Normal İşiten ve İşitme Engelli Bireylerde İşitme Kaybına ve İşitme Cihazına Yönelik Bilgi Düzeyi ve Tutumların İncelenmesi: Metodolojik Çalışma
Survey of Knowledge Level and Attitudes Regarding Hearing Loss and Hearing Aid in Normal Hearing- and Hearing-Impaired Individuals: Metodological Study
Asuman ALNIAÇIKa, Eda ÇAKMAKa, Şükriye ERDOĞANa, Talha Yağız AKGÖZLÜa
aBaşkent Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Odyoloji Bölümü, Ankara, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2022;7(3):815-25
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2022-88993
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Dünya genelinde işitme kaybı prevalansı yüksek olmasına rağmen işitme cihazı kullanım oranları oldukça düşüktür. İşitme kayıplı bireylerin, cihaz kullanımına yönelik bilgi düzeyi ve tutumları cihaz kullanım oranının düşük olmasında belirleyicidir. Konu ile ilgili farkındalık oluşturmak için normal işiten bireylerin de işitme kaybı ve işitme cihazı hakkında bilgi düzeyi ve tutumları araştırılmalıdır. Bu çalışmada, normal işiten ve işitme engelli bireylerin, işitme kaybı ve işitme cihazı kullanımı hakkında bilgi düzeyi ve tutumları arasındaki farkın incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya 18-65 yaş arasında normal işitmeye sahip 254 katılımcı (kadın n=134), (erkek n=120) ve işitme engeli olan 126 katılımcı (kadın n=81), (erkek n=45) katılmıştır. İşitme Kaybına ve İşitme Cihazına Yönelik Bilgi Düzeyi ve Tutum Anketi ve İşitme Engeli Ölçeği elektronik form olarak doldurulmuştur. Bulgular: Normal işiten ve işitme engelli katılımcılar arasında işitme kaybına yönelik bilgi düzeyini değerlendiren 6 maddede, işitme cihazı hakkında bilgi düzeyini değerlendiren 3 maddede gruplar arası istatistiksel anlamlı fark elde edilmiştir (p<0,05). İşitme kaybı ve işitme kayıplı bireye yönelik tutumları değerlendiren 3 maddede, işitme cihazı kullanmaya ve işitme cihazı kullanan bireye yönelik tutumları değerlendiren 5 maddede, işitme kaybının ve işitme cihazı kullanmanın benlik algısı üzerindeki etkilerini inceleyen 12 maddede gruplar arasında anlamlı fark elde edilmiştir (p<0,05). Sonuç: Normal işiten ve işitme engelli katılımcılar, işitme kaybı ve işitme cihazı kullanımı hakkında benzer bilgiye sahipti. İki grup arasında işitme cihazı kullanımına yönelik tutumlarda anlamlı bir fark vardı. İşitme cihaz kullanımının benlik algısı üzerindeki olumsuz etkisi normal işiten bireylere göre işitme engelli bireylerde daha fazla idi.

Anahtar Kelimeler: İşitme kaybı; işitme araçları; tutum; sörveyler ve anketler
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Despite the high prevalence of hearing loss worldwide, hearing aid usage rates are quite low. The level of knowledge and attitudes of hearing impairment towards device use are determinative in the low rate of device use. In order to raise awareness, this study aimed to examine the difference between the level of knowledge and attitudes of individuals with normal hearing and hearing impairment about hearing loss and hearing aid use. Material and Methods: Between the ages of 18-65, 254 normal hearing participants (female n=134), (male n=120), and 126 participants with hearing impairment (female n=81), (male n=45) were included. The Knowledge Level and Attitude Survey for Hearing Loss and Hearing Aids and The Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adults were filled in electronically. Results: A statistically significant difference was found in 6 items evaluating the level of knowledge about hearing loss and 3 items evaluating the level of knowledge about hearing aids between the normal hearing and hearing impaired participants (p<0,05). There was a significant difference between the groups in 3 items evaluating the attitudes towards hearing loss and individuals with hearing loss, in 5 items with respect to the attitudes towards hearing aid use and individuals using hearing aids and in 12 items regarding the effects of hearing loss and hearing aids use on self-perception (p<0,05). Conclusion: Normal hearing- and hearingimpaired participants had similar knowledge about hearing loss and hearing aid use. There was a significant difference in attitudes towards the use of hearing aids between the two groups. The use of hearing aids had a more negative effect on the self-perception of the hearing-impaired participants compared to normal hearing participants.

Keywords: Hearing loss; hearing aids; attitude; surveys and questionnaires
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