Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences

.: REVIEW
Micronucleus Based Genotoxicity Tests
Mikronükleus Temelli Genotoksisite Testleri
Pınar ÖZKAL BAYDINa
aAnkara University Stem Cell Institute, Ankara, TURKEY
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci. 2019;39(1):108-12
doi: 10.5336/medsci.2018-62147
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Genotoxicity assessment is an important process to keep human and animal health and aims to identify the safety of many kinds of substances. There are many in vitro mutagenicity prediction tests. The recent in vitro/in vivo genotoxicity assays and accepted common test methods may give critical information for the assessment of genotoxic and probable carcinogenic potential of suspected substances. Micronucleus (MN), MN-FISH, MN-based flow cytometry analysis done alone or done with chromosome instability assays and/or comet assay are some of assays that may be used to assess clastogenic and aneugenic effects of substances like pesticides, food additives, pharmaceuticals, chemicals used in cosmetics, veterinary drugs and living organisms like bacteria or virus. In this mini-review, the studies about the tests mentioned above are included. In summary, MNbased genotoxicity tests and accepted common test methods may provide important information for the assessment of genotoxic and probable carcinogenic potential of suspected substances.

Keywords: Genotoxicity tests; micronucleus tests; mutagens; carcinogens
ÖZET
 Genotoksisite tayini insan ve hayvan sağlığının korunmasında önemli bir prosestir ve çeşitli maddelerin güvenliklerini tanımlamayı amaçlar. In vitroda genotoksisite tahminini sağlayan pek çok test mevcuttur. Mevcut in vitro/in vivo genotoksisite testleri ve kabul edilen test metodları şüphenenilen maddelerin genotoksik ve muhtemel karsinojenik potansiyellerini saptamada önemli bilgiler sağlayabilir. Mikronükleus (MN), MN-FISH, MN temelli akım sitometre testleri tek başına ya da beraberinde kromozom instabilite testleri ve/veya comet testi ile birlikte yapıldığında pestisit, gıda katkıları, farmasötikler, kozmetikte kullanılan kimyasallar, veteriner ilaçları ve bakteri veya virüs gibi yaşayan organizmaların klastojenik ve aneujenik etkilerini saptamak için kullanılabilir. Bu mini-derlemede, yukarıda bahsedilen testlerle ilgili yapılan çalışmalara yer verilmiştir. Özetle, MN temelli genotoksisite testleri ve kabul edilen diğer test metodları şüphelenilen kimyasalların genotoksik ve muhtemel karsinojenik potansiyellerini saptamada önemli bilgiler sağlayabilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Genotoksisite testleri; mikronükleus testleri; mutajenler; karsinojenler
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