Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dermatology

.: REVIEW
Saç Dökülmesi Tedavisinde Mikroiğneleme: Geleneksel Derleme
Microneedling in Hair Loss Treatment: Traditional Review
Koray DURMAZa , Pınar ÖZTAŞa
aLokman Hekim Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Deri ve Zührevi Hastalıklar AD, Ankara, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Dermatol. 2024;34(2):82-8
doi: 10.5336/dermato.2023-100145
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Saç dökülmesi, dermatoloji polikliniğine sık bir başvuru sebebi ve aynı zamanda hastaların yaşam kalitesini etkileyen önemli bir rahatsızlıktır. Skatrisyel ve skatrisyel olmayan alt tipleri bulunan alopesiler yaygın bir kozmetik sorun sebebidir. Mikroiğnelemenin saç dökülmesi bozuklukları için bağımsız ve yardımcı bir tedavi olarak kullanılmasına olan ilgi son dönemde giderek artmaktadır. Mikroiğneleme, ciltte mikro delikler oluşturmak için çok sayıda ince iğneyi kullanan ve çeşitli dermatolojik durumlarda kullanılan minimal invaziv bir prosedürdür. Mikroiğnelerin penetrasyonu minimum epidermal hasara sahip kontrollü bir cilt hasarı oluşturur ve dermal yara iyileşmesini dolayısıyla neovaskülarizasyonu ve büyüme faktörlerinin salınmasını uyarır. Saç dökülmelerinde de mikroiğnelemenin saç büyümesini uyarması, yarattığı travmaya karşı oluşan yara iyileşmesi süreci ile ilişkilidir. Mikroiğneleme tedavisi ile çeşitli büyüme faktörlerinin salınması, dermal papilla kök hücrelerinin uyarımı ve çeşitli mekanizmalarla saç büyümesinin uyarıldığı gösterilmiştir. Kanıtlar mikroiğnelemenin saç dökülmesini iyileştirebileceğini öne sürse de klinik veriler nispeten sınırlıdır. Tedavide standardize bir iğne uzunluğu ve prosedür konsensusu henüz yoktur ve klinik veriler nispeten sınırlıdır. Daha çok katılımcı ve çok merkezli deneysel çalışmalarla mikro iğneleme, ABD Gıda ve İlaç İdaresi (FDA) onaylı saç dökülmesi tedavilerinde temel veya yardımcı bir prosedür haline gelebilir. Bu derlemede mikroiğneleme tedavisinin etki mekanizması, literatürdeki verilerle birlikte kullanım prosedürü, androgenetik alopesi, alopesi areata, telojen effluvium ve diğer saç dökülmesi tiplerindeki etkinliği detaylı ele alınacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Mikroiğneleme; alopesi areata; telojen effluvium; saç dökülmesi
ABSTRACT
 Hair loss is a common cause of presentation to dermatology outpatient clinics and an important disorder affecting the quality of life of patients. Alopecia with cicatricial and non-cicatricial subtypes is a common cause of cosmetic problems. Interest in the use of microneedling as an independent and adjunctive treatment for hair loss disorders has been increasing recently. Microneedling is a minimally invasive procedure that uses multiple needles to create micro punctures in the skin. The penetration of the microneedles produces a controlled skin injury with minimal epidermal damage and stimulates dermal wound healing, hence neovascularisation and the release of growth factors. In hair loss, the stimulation of hair growth by microneedling is related to the wound healing process that occurs in response to the trauma it creates. Microneedling therapy has been shown to stimulate hair growth through the release of various growth factors, stimulation of dermal papilla stem cells and various mechanisms. Although evidence suggests that microneedling may improve hair loss, clinical data are relatively limited. There is not yet a standardised needle length and procedure consensus for treatment and clinical data are relatively limited. With more participants and multi-centre experimental studies, microneedling may become a basic or adjunctive procedure in US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved hair loss treatments. In this review, the mechanism of action of microneedling, the procedure of use with the data in the literature, and its effectiveness in androgenetic alopecia, alopecia areata, telogen effluvium and other hair loss types will be discussed in detail.

Keywords: Microneedling; alopecia areata; telogen effluvium; hair loss
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