Journal of Traditional Medical Complementary Therapies

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Menopoz Semptomlarına Yoganın Etkisi
The Effect of Yoga on Menopause Symptoms
Arzu ABİÇa, Duygu VEFİKULUÇAY YILMAZb
aDoğu Akdeniz Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, Gazimağusa, KKTC
bMersin Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi, Doğum-Kadın Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ABD, Mersin, TÜRKİYE
J Tradit Complem Med. 2020;3(2):217-23
doi: 10.5336/jtracom.2019-72295
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Menopoz dönemi, kadın yaşamındaki önemli dönemlerden biridir. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ)'nün tanımına göre menopoz; ovaryum aktivitesinin yitirilmesi sonucunda menstrüasyonun kalıcı olarak sonlanmasıdır. Menopoz yaşı ülkelere göre farklılık göstermekle birlikte, ortalama 45-50 yaş olduğu bildirilmektedir. Gelişmiş ülkelerde menopoz görülme yaşı daha geç olurken; gelişmekte olan ve gelişmemiş ülkelerde menopoz yaşı daha erken olabilmektedir. Beklenen yaşam süresinin artması ile birlikte, kadınlar yaşamlarının yaklaşık 1/3'ini menopoz dönemi içerisinde geçirmektedirler. Dolayısıyla menopoz döneminde görülen değişikliklerden daha uzun süre etkilenmektedirler. Menopoz döneminde görülen değişimler, menopoz semptomları olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Menopoz semptomları, kadınlarda erken ve geç dönemlerde görülmektedir. Erken dönemde sıcak basması, gece terlemesi, ruhsal sorunlar, üriner problemler ve cinsel problemler gibi sorunlar görülürken; geç dönemde kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, osteoporoz ve ürogenital değişiklikler görülmektedir. Tüm bu semptomlar, kadın sağlığını etkileyerek yaşam kalitesini azaltmaktadır. Menopoz döneminin sağlıklı geçirilmesi, kadın sağlığının sürdürülmesi açısından önemlidir. Bu nedenle kadınların yaşadığı menopoz semptomlarının ortadan kaldırılması gerekmektedir. Yapılan çalışmalarda, herhangi bir sağlık riski taşımayan yoga uygulamasının, menopoz semptomları üzerinde etkili olduğu bildirilmektedir. Hemşireler, kadınların her döneminde olduğu gibi, menopoz döneminde de kadınlara danışmanlık yapmalı ve eğitici rolünü kullanarak, menopoz semptomlarını azaltmaya yardımcı olan yoga uygulamasını benimsetmelidirler. Bu doğrultuda bu derlemenin amacı, menopoz semptomlarına yoganın etkisini güncel bilgiler ile sunmak ve yoga uygulamasında hemşirenin rolünü ele almaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Menopoz; yoga; hemşirelik
ABSTRACT
 Menopause period is one of the most important periods in the life of women. According to World Health Organization, menopause is the permanent cessation of menstruation as a result of loss of ovarian activity. Although the menopause age varies between countries, it's reported that the average age is 45-50 years. The menopause age is later in developed countries, whereas this may be earlier in developing and undeveloped countries. With the increased in life expectancy, women spend approximately 1/3 of their lives in the menopause period. Therefore, they're affected by the changes that appear in the menopause period for a longer time. The changes in the menopause period are called menopause symptoms. Menopause symptoms are observed in early and late periods in women. In earlier periods, problems like hot flush, night sweat, psychological, urinary, and sexual problems are observed while, in later periods, cardiovascular disorders, osteoporosis and urogenital changes are among the symptoms of menopause. All of these symptoms reduce life quality by affecting women's health. Experiencing the menopause period in a healthy way is important in terms of sustainability of women's health. Accordingly, menopause symptoms experienced by women should be eliminated. Study have reported that yoga, which bears no health risks, is effective on menopause symptoms. Nurses should provide consulting services to women in their menopause period just as they do in all periods of women's lives and with the educator role, they should get women to adopt yoga practice, which helps reduce menopause symptoms. Consequently, the aim of this review is to present updated information about the effect of yoga on menopause symptoms and to discuss the role of nurses in yoga.

Keywords: Menopause; yoga; nursing
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