Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Malatya Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesine Başvuran Hastaların Sağlık Okuryazarlık Düzeylerinin Kesitsel Olarak Ölçülmesi
Sectional Measurement of the Health Literacy Levels of Patients Applicable to Malatya Training and Research Hospital
Serdar DENİZa, Mehmet KOCAb
aMalatya Turgut Özal Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Halk Sağlığı ABD, Malatya, Türkiye
bMalatya Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Malatya, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2022;7(4):1166-75
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2022-89346
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışma ile Malatya Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesine başvuran hastaların sağlık okuryazarlık düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma, Malatya Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesine 31 Ocak-13 Şubat 2022 tarihleri arasında başvuruda bulunan hasta ve hasta yakınlarından yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemi, n=364 kişidir. Veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından 16 sorudan oluşan sosyodemografik bölüm, 17 sorudan oluşan sağlık hizmetlerini kullanma durumunu sorgulayan bölüm ve 47 maddelik Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Anketi-Avrupa Birliği (SOYA-AB) Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Örneklem büyüklüğü, G Power 3.1 programı kullanılarak 0,21 etki büyüklüğünde, 0,05 yanılma payında, 0,95 güven düzeyinde, 0,95 evreni temsil gücüyle en az 354 olarak belirlenmiş olup, anket 364 kişi üzerinde uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Örneklem grubunun %56,0'ı (n=204) kadın, %44,0'ı (n=160) erkeklerden oluşmaktaydı. Grubun yaş ortalaması 34,88±12,96 yıl idi. Grubun %13,5'inin genel olarak sağlık durumunu 'çok iyi' olarak tanımlarken, %8'inin (n=29) 'kötü', %1,4'ünün (n=5) 'çok kötü' olarak tanımladığı belirlenmiştir. Çalışma neticesinde katılımcıların SOYA-AB Ölçeği'ne göre sağlık okuryazarlık düzeyinin %59,62 yetersiz veya sorunlu, %40,38 yeterli veya mükemmel olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Yaptığımız çalışma sonucunda, sağlık okuryazarlık düzeyini eğitim ve gelirin artırdığı belirlenmiş olup, sağlık okuryazarlık düzeyini artırmak için sağlığın belirleyici faktörlerinde kamu otoritesinin ve sivil toplum kuruluşlarının daha fazla çaba sarf etmesi gerektiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Sağlık; sağlık okuryazarlığı, sağlık seviyesi
ABSTRACT
 Objective: With this study, it was aimed to determine the health literacy levels of the patients who applied to Malatya Training and Research Hospital. Material and Methods: This study was carried out on patients and their relatives who applied to Malatya Training and Research Hospital between January 31, and February 13, 2022. The research sample is n=364 people. As a data collection tool, the researchers used the socio-demographic section consisting of 16 questions, the section questioning the use of health services consisting of 17 questions, and the Health Literacy Survey-European Union (HLSEU) Scale with 47 items. The sample size was determined to be at least 354 with an effect size of 0.21, a margin of error of 0.05, a confidence level of 0.95, a population representation of 0.95 using the G Power 3.1 program, and the survey was applied to 364 people. Results: 56.0% (n=204) of the sample group were female and 44.0% (n=160) was male. The mean age of the group was 34.88±12.96. While 13.5% of the group defined their general health status as 'very good', 8% (n=29) defined it as 'poor' and 1.4% (n=5) as 'very bad'. As a result of the study, it was determined that the participants had insufficient or problematic health literacy level of 59.62%, adequate or excellent health literacy level of 40.38% according to the HLS-EU Scale. Conclusion: As a result of our study, it has been determined that education and income increase the level of health literacy, and it has been concluded that public authorities and non-governmental organizations should make more efforts in determining the determinants of health in order to increase the level of health literacy.

Keywords: Health; health literacy; level of health
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