Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences

.: REVIEW
Maksimal Aerobik Hız: Genel Bakış ve Önemli Yöntemsel Noktalar
Maximal Aerobic Speed: an Overview and Methodological Considerations
Abdulkerim DARENDELİa,b
aAnadolu Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bölümü, Eskişehir, TÜRKİYE
aSivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi, Antrenörlük Eğitimi Bölümü, Sivas, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Sports Sci. 2020;12(3):446-56
doi: 10.5336/sportsci.2020-75681
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Maksimal oksijen tüketiminin ortaya çıktığı hız (vVO2maks) antrenman yükünün bireyselleştirilmesinde yaygın şekilde kullanılan bir parametredir ve dayanıklılık performansıyla yakından ilişkilidir. Referans vVO2maks değeri, koşu bandı üzerinde gerçekleştirilen, şiddeti artan koşu sırasında solunan gazın sürekli olarak analiz edilmesiyle belirlenmektedir. vVO2maks belirlenirken genellikle maksimal efor testi, solunan gaz analizi verileri ve kontrollü şartlar altında kullanılması gereken özel ekipmanlar gerekmektedir. Fakat çeşitli alan testlerinin sonuçlarından da vVO2maks hesaplanabilmektedir. Bu anlamda, Université de Montréal track testi, vVO2maks ve VO2maks değerlerinin belirlenmesinde özellikle kullanılan bir yöntemdir ve vVO2maks bakımından laboratuvar koşu bandı testiyle güçlü bir ilişkisi bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca çeşitli zaman-mesafe testleri, 20 m mekik koşusu, maksimalaltı koşunun kalp atımı değerleri gibi yöntemlerin çıktılarının kullanıldığı çeşitli eşitlikler aracılığıyla da vVO2maks hesaplanabilmektedir. Fakat vVO2maks belirlenirken kullanılan alan testleri (Yo-Yo IR1 testi, 5 dk koşusu gibi) ya da çalışmaların önerdiği eşitlikler kullanılırken dikkatli olunması gerekmektedir. Verilen vVO2maks eşitliklerinin orijinal çalışmadakinden farklı özellikteki gruplar için kullanıldığında asıl vVO2maks değerlerinin saptanması olası değildir. Diğer bir sınırlılık da uygulanacak protokolün çalışma grubunun özelliğine uygun olarak seçilmesini zorlaştıran farklı referans vVO2maks protokollerin kullanımıdır (koşu bandı eğimi, testin başlangıç hızı, başlangıç hızının belirlenmesinde kullanılan ölçüt, hız artış miktarı, hız artışının hangi süre aralıklarında yapıldığı gibi). Dolayısıyla gelecek çalışmalarda bu protokoller standart hâle getirilmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Aerobik kapasite; antrenman yükü; performans tahmini; kritik hız; regresyon eşitliği
ABSTRACT
 The velocity corresponding to maximal oxygen uptake (vVO2max) is a widely used parameter individualizing training load and related to endurance performance. The reference vVO2max value can be evaluated by constantly monitoring the expired gas data during incremental run on a treadmill. When assessing the vVO2max, usually a maximal effort test, expired gas data and specific equipment which needs to be used under controlled conditions are required. However, vVO2max may also be estimated using field tests. In that regard, the Université de Montréal track test is a method used to determine vVO2max and VO2max values specifically and there is an agreement between the vVO2max values obtained from the UMTT and laboratory treadmill test. Furthermore, vVO2max can also alternatively be calculated using equations where the output of some procedures (i.e. time-trials, 20 m shuttle run, heart rate cost of submaximal running) are utilized. However, caution must be taken when estimating vVO2max by using field test (e.g. Yo-Yo IR1 test & 5 min time-trial) results or the equations suggested in former studies. When the existing vVO2max equations are used in a population that does not match with the properties of the sample participated in the original study, it is not likely to reveal the actual vVO2max values. Another limitation is the use of varying reference vVO2max protocols that make it difficult to choose a testing protocol suitable for a given study population. Therefore, these protocols must be standardized in future studies.

Keywords: Aerobic capacity; training load; performance prediction; critical velocity; regression equation
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