Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology

Kozmetik içeriklerin güvenilirliği
Kozmetik içeriklerin güvenilirliği
Wilma F. Bergfelda, Donald V. Belsito, bJames G. Marks, cveF. Alan AndersendCleveland, Ohio; Kansas City, Kansas; Hershey, Pennsylvania; and Washington, DCFrom the Dermatology Department, Cleveland Clinic Foundationa; Division of Dermatology, University of Kansas Medical Centerb; Department of Dermatology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Centerc; and Cosmetic Ingredient Review.d
Article Language: TR
ÖZET
Kozmetik İçerikleri Araştırma (CIR) programı 1976 yılında Kozmetik, Tuvalet malzemeleri ve Parfüm Birliği (CTFA) tarafından, Gıda ve İlaç Dairesi (FDA) ve Amerika Tüketici Federasyonu (CFA) desteği ile kuruldu. CIR, kozmetiklerde kullanılan maddelerin güvenilir olup olmadıklarını belirlemek için bağımsız, eksper incelemeleri gerçekleştirir. CIR ekibi mevcut verilerin özetlerini hazırlar ve CIR Eksper Paneli verileri açık, umumi toplantılarda gözden geçirir. Daha fazla veri gerektiğinde istekler yapılır. Yayınlanmamış çalışmalar sağlanabilir fakat CIR güvenilirlik değerlendirmelerinde özetlendikten sonra kamuya açılır ve tarama için mevcut hale gelir. Kesin olmayan sonuçlar bir mantık sistemi ile desteklenir ve kamu fikri araştırılır. Tüm veriler düşünülerek, son bir güvenilirlik değerlendirmesi monografı yayınlanır. Bu monograflar yayınlanmak üzere uzman-denetimindeki International Journal of Toxicology dergisine gönderilir. Bugüne kadar, 1194 adet kozmetik içeriği denetlenmiştir. Bunların 683 tanesi bugünkü kullanım pratiği ve konsantrasyonlarında kozmetik kullanım için güvenilir bulunmuştur. Kalifikasyonlarla, diğer bir 388i de kozmetiklerde kullanım için güvenilir bulunmuştur, her biri için özel kalifikasyonlar belirtilmiştir. Dokuz içerik kozmetiklerde güvenilir bulunmamıştır ve güvenilmezlik nedeni tarif edilmiştir. Mevcut bilgilerin 114 içeriğin güvenilirliğini desteklemekten uzak olduğu görülmüş ve gerekli olan veri listelenmiştir. Saç boyaları CIR tarafından araştırılmış olan önemli bir kategoriyi temsil eder. Saç boyalarını düşünürken, CIR Uzman Paneli her saç boyasının özel kimyasal yapısını düşünerek deneysel ve klinik veriyi ve daha az spesifik olan saç boyası kullanımının epidemiyolojik verilerini gözden geçirir. Yakın zamanlarda CIR Uzman Paneli eldeki epidemiyolojik çalışmaların, saç boyaları ile kanser ve diğer son noktalar arasında bağlantı kurmak için yetersiz olduğu sonucuna varmıştır. Kaçınılmaz olarak programın ilk başlarında tamamlanan güvenilirlik araştırmalarındaki maddelerle ilgili olarak yeni bilgiler ortaya çıkacaktır. Yeni verileri değerlendirerek CIR Uzman Paneli yeniden gözden geçirme programı belirlemiştir. Sodyum lauril sülfat (SLS), formaldehid ve parabenler örnek olarak tartışılmıştır. Yakın zamanda yapılacak güvenilirlik değerlendirmeleri yüksek öncelikli içeriklerle beraber listelenmiştir, bunların arasından yeni çalışmalar seçilecektir. Kozmetik endüstrisi tarafından desteklenmekle beraber, CIR programı, kamuya açık işleyişi, uzman paneli üyelerinin bütünlüğü, FDA ve CFAnın katkıları ve kozmetik endüstrisinin kooperasyonu sayesinde karar vermede bağımsız kalmıştır.
ABSTRACT
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) program was established in 1976 by the Cosmetics, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, with the support of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Consumer Federation of America (CFA). CIR performs independent, expert reviews to determine if ingredients used in cosmetics are safe. CIR staff prepares summaries of available data and the CIR Expert Panel reviews the data in open, public meetings. If more data are needed, requests are made. Unpublished studies may be provided, but become public and available for review once summarized in CIR safety assessments. Tentative conclusions are supported with a rationale and public comment is sought. Taking any input into consideration, a final safety assessment monograph is issued. These monographs are submitted for publication in the peer-reviewed International Journal of Toxicology. To date, 1194 individual cosmetic ingredients have been addressed. Of these, 683 were found to be safe in cosmetics in the present practices of use and concentration. With qualifications, another 388 have been found safe for use in cosmetics; specific qualifications for each are given. Nine ingredients have been deemed unsafe for use in cosmetics and the safety issue has been described. The available data were found insufficient to support the safety of 114 ingredients; the needed data are listed. Hair dyes represent an important product category reviewed by CIR. In considering hair dyes, the CIR Expert Panel reviews experimental and clinical data specific to the particular chemical structure of each hair dye and reviews epidemiologic studies that address hair dye use that are less specific. Recently the CIR Expert Panel concluded that the available epidemiologic studies are insufficient to conclude there is a causal relationship between hair dye use and cancer and other end points. It is inevitable that new information will become available concerning ingredients for which safety assessments were completed in the early days of the program. To consider new data, the CIR Expert Panel has instituted a re-review program. Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), formaldehyde, and parabens are discussed as examples. Safety assessments currently underway are listed, along with high-priority ingredients from which new work will be chosen. Although supported by the cosmetics industry, the CIR program has remained independent in its decision making, based on its open, public process; the integrity of the expert panel members; the participation of the FDA and the CFA; and the cooperation of the cosmetics industry. (J Am Acad Dermatol 2005;52:125-32.)

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