Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences

.: REVIEW
Koruyucu Ağız Diş Sağlığı Programlarında Annenin Eğitimi ve Ağız Sağlığının İyileştirilmesi ile Erken Çocukluk Çağı Çürüklerinin Önlenmesi
Prevention of Early Childhood Caries with Education and Oral Health Promotion of Mothers at Preventive Oral Health Programs
Abidin T. MUTLUAYa, Merve MUTLUAYb
aRestoratif Diş Tedavisi AD,
bÇocuk Diş Hekimliği AD, Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Kırıkkale, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Dental Sci. 2019;25(2):175-81
doi: 10.5336/dentalsci.2017-57401
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Diş çürüğü; biyolojik, davranışsal ve sosyoekonomik faktörlerle ilişkili toplumsal bir hastalık olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Çocukluk döneminin en yaygın enfeksiyöz hastalığı olan diş çürüğünün bakteriyel kaynaklı bir hastalık olması gerçeği hastalığa bakış açısını değiştirmiştir. Güncel çalışmalar bakteriyel enfeksiyonun bireyden bireye taşınmasının engellenmesi, bireyin diyet alışkanlığının değiştirilmesi ve ağız hijyeninin iyileştirilmesi ile diş çürüğünün önlenebileceğini vurgulamaktadır. Doğumdan önce, annenin kötü ağız sağlığına sahip olması medikal risklere yol açmasının yanında, erken dönemde bebeklerde diş çürüğü gelişim riskini de artırmaktadır. Annelerin yenidoğan ve bebeklere çürük enfeksiyonunun geçişi için ilk kaynak olduğu ve bakteriyel geçişin 1,5-3 yaş arasında olduğu düşünülmektedir. "Enfektivite penceresi" olarak adlandırılan bu dönemde aynı zamanda yenidoğanların annelerinden ya da bakıcılarından enfekte olma riski de artmaktadır. Çürükten sorumlu başlıca bakteri grubu olan Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans)'ların annelerden edinildiği öne sürülmekte ve annede yüksek seviyede karyojenik flora bulunması, S. mutans'ların anneden bebeğe geçiş riskini artırmaktadır. Diş yüzeyine kolonize olabilme yeteneğinin bir sonucu olarak, S. mutans'lar şeker varlığında ağız pH'sında belirgin bir düşüşe neden olmakta ve diş sert dokularının demineralize olmasına yol açmaktadır. Annelere uygulanacak koruyucu müdahalelerle bebeklere S. mutans'ın geçişi engellenebilmekte, bu sayede toplumda orta ve uzun vadede diş çürüğü prevalansı azaltılabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada; diş çürüğünün etiyolojisinden yola çıkılarak anneden bebeğe bakteri geçişinin, uygulanabilecek önlemlerin sunulması ve bu amaçla yürütülen koruyucu programların öneminin tartışılması amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Koruyucu diş hekimliği; diş çürükleri; Streptococcus mutans
ABSTRACT
 Dental caries has been described as a social disease that's progress is associated with biological, behavioural, and socioeconomic factors. The fact that dental caries, the most common childhood infectious disease, is bacterial originated has changed the standpoint to it. Current studies emphasize that progress of tooth decay can be avoided by preventing bacteria transmission person to person, changing individual's dietary habits and improving oral hygiene. Mother' bad oral health prior to birth lead to medical risks, as well as the risk of developing tooth decay in infants during the childhood period. Mothers are considered to be the primary source of transmission of caries infection to new-borns and infants can be infected between 1.5 and 3 years of age. This period is also defined as "infectivity window", and new-borns are at greater risk of becoming infected from their mothers and caregivers. It is claimed that Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) which primer bacteria group cause the dental caries were acquired from mother and high level cariogenic flora in the mother improves transmission S. mutans from mother to infant. As a result of its ability to colonize at the tooth surface, S. mutans can cause a marked reduction in oral pH in the presence of a sugar substrate and thus induce demineralization of dental hard tissues. Preventive interventions to mothers could inhibit the transmission of S. mutans to infants so that reduce middle and long-term caries prevalence in the community. This article was aimed to present the precautions conducted for the prevention of bacteria transmission from mother to baby based on dental caries etiology and discuss significance of preventive oral health programs.

Keywords: Preventive dentistry; dental caries; Streptococcus mutans
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-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

Written, visual and audible materials of the website, including the code and the software are under protection by legal legislation.

Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

All rights of the software and the design of the website belong to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. will be pleased to hear your comments about our terms of use. Please share the subjects you think may enrich our website or if there is any problem regarding our website.

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