Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Case Reports

KORONER ARTER CERRAHİSİNDE PROFİLAKTİK DESMOPRESSİNİN ETKİNLİĞİ
The Effectiveness of Prophylactic Desmopressin in Coronary Artery Surgery
Erdem ÖZKISACIKa, Fatih İSLAMOĞLUa, Tahir YAĞDIa, Mehmet BOĞAa, Tanzer ÇALKAVURa, Yüksel ATAYb, Mustafa ÖZBARANa, Suat BUKETa
aDept. of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical School of Ege University,
bDept. of Haemotology, Medical School of Ege University, İzmir, TURKEY
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Res. 2001;19(1):1-9
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
Amaç: Bu çalışma kardiyopulmoner bypass uygulanan hastalarda kan kaybını azaltıcı bir ajan olarak öne sürülen desmopressin asetatın (DDAVP) hemostatik etkilerini araştırmak amacı ile düzenlenmiştir. Materyal ve Metod: Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Kalp ve Damar Cerrahisi Anabilim Dalında koroner arter bypass cerrahisi uygulanan 40 olgu kontrol ve desmopressin olarak iki eşit gruba ayrılmıştır. Desmopressin grubundaki olgulara kardiyopulmoner bypass sonunda 0.3mg/kg dozda desmopressin intravenöz olarak verilmiştir. Her iki grup için belirlenmiş ölçüm zamanlarında koagülasyon faktörleri, çeşitli ajanlara trombosit agregasyon cevabı, kanama ve transfüzyon ihtiyacı gözlenmiş ve karşılaştırılmıştır. Bulgular: Postoperatif 2. saatte her iki grubun fibrinojen düzeyleri anlamlı olarak azalırken, postoperatif 24. saatte fibrinojen düzeylerinde kontrol grubunda daha belirgin olmak üzere (p=0.031) bir yükselme gözlenmiştir. Desmopressin grubunda faktör VIII aktivasyon zamanı postoperatif dönem süresince azalmış ve bu azalma özellikle postoperatif 24. saatte anlamlı olmuştur (p=0.131). Desmopressin grubunun postoperatif von Willebrand faktör (vWF) düzeyleri, preoperatif düzeylerden daha yüksek olmuştur. Kontrol grubunda ise faktör VIII ve vWF düzeylerinde önemli değişiklikler olmamıştır. Her iki grubun trombosit agregasyon zamanlarında postoperatif 2. saatte anlamlı uzama olmuştur. Kontrol grubunun ADP ile uyarılmış agregasyon zamanı postoperatif 2. saatte uzamış ve yine 2. saat ADP, epinefrin, kollajen ve ristosetine yanıt olan trombosit aktivasyon yüzdelerinde anlamlı azalma görülmüştür. Postoperatif kan kaybı ve kan transfüzyon ihtiyacında gruplar arası anlamlı bir fark görülmemiştir. Sonuç: Çalışmamızın sonuçları trombosit fonksiyonlanndaki artışa rağmen, desmopressin uygulamasının her hangi bir kanama bozukluğu olmayan ve elektif kardiyak cerrahi yapılan olgularda postoperatif hemostaz üzerine belirgin faydalı bir etkisinin olmadığını göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Desmopressin asetat, Koagülasyon, Kardiyopulmoner bypass
ABSTRACT
Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the hemostatic effects of Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) that has been implicated as a promising agent to reduce blood loss in patients undergone cardiopulmonary bypass. Materials and Methods: 40 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting, randomized equally into desmopressin and control groups. Desmopressin group received 0.3mg/kg desmopressin at the end of cardiopulmonary bypass. Coagulation factors, platelet aggregation response to various inducing agents, bleeding and transfusion needs were all measured at different control times. Results: Fibrinogen level of both groups significantly reduced at postoperative 2nd hr, whereas a significant rise was observed at postoperative 24th hr with an intergroup difference favoring control group (p=0.031). In desmopressin group, the activation time of factor VIII shortened during all postoperative period being significant (p=0.131) at postoperative 24th hr. Postoperative von Willebrand factor (vWF) levels of desmopressin group were significantly higher than the preoperative ones. Control group did not show such important changes in factor VIII and vWF measurements. Platelet aggregation times of both groups prolonged at postoperative 2nd hr. Control group showed significant elevation in ADP induced aggregation time at 2nd hr and significant reductions of platelet activation percents in response to ADP, epinephrine, collagen and ristocetin at 2nd hr. Postoperative blood loss as well as blood transfusion need did not differ between two groups. Conclusion: We suggest that despite the improved platelet functions, desmopressin does not have obvious beneficial effects on postoperative hemostasis in patients without any bleeding disorder and undergoing elective cardiac surgery.

Keywords: Desmopressin acetate, Coagulation, Cardiopulmonary bypass

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