Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Koroner Arter Baypas Reoperasyonlarında Hastane Mortalitesini Etkileyen Risk Faktörlerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Evaluation of the Risk Factors Affecting Hospital Mortality in Coronary Artery Bypass Reoperations
K. Cantürk ÇAKALAĞAOĞLUa, İbrahim KARAb, Saleh Al SALEHİa, Mehmet YANARTAŞa, Yasin AYc, Cengiz KÖKSALa, Kaan KIRALİa
aKalp ve Damar Cerrahi Kliniği, Kartal Koşuyolu Yüksek İhtisas Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi,
bKalp ve Damar Cerrahi Kliniği, Göztepe Şafak Hastanesi, İstanbul,
cKalp ve Damar Cerrahi Kliniği, Derince Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Kocaeli
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci. 2013;33(2):439-47
doi: 10.5336/medsci.2012-30079
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
Amaç: Çalışmamızda, reoperatif koroner baypas cerrahisinde hastane mortalitesini etkileyen risk faktörlerini araştırmayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kliniğimizde, 1998'den 2010'a kadar izole reoperatif koroner baypas geçiren 105 hasta (ortalama yaş 58,6±8,8 yıl, yaş aralığı 19-79), retrospektif kohort bir çalışma dizaynı ile incelendi. Reoperatif koroner baypas ile birlikte eş zamanlı prosedür uygulanan hastalar çalışma dışı bırakıldı. Ameliyat öncesi, ameliyata ait ve ameliyat sonrası değişkenler kullanılarak hastane mortalitesine neden olan risk faktörleri araştırıldı. Hastane mortalitesinin bağımsız risk faktörleri lojistik regresyon analizi ile belirlendi. Bulgular: Hastane mortalitesi %12,3 (13 hasta) olarak bulundu. Hastalarımızın %37,1'i 1998-2004 arasında ve %62,9'u 2005-2010 arasında reopere edildi. İki ameliyat arasında geçen süre 1 yıl ile 20 yıl arasında değişmekte olup, ortalaması 7,80±5,38 yıl idi. Tek değişkenli analizde mortalitenin risk faktörleri; ilk ameliyatta internal mamarian arterin kullanılmaması, inkomplet revaskülarizasyon, Kanada Kardiyovasküler Derneği sınıf 3 yada 4 ağrı, ileri sol ventrikül disfonksiyonu, düşük kalp debisi, iki ameliyat arasındaki sürenin10 yıl ve üzeri olması, kanama veya greft tıkanıklığı nedeniyle revizyon ve uzamış entübasyon olarak saptandı. Lojistik regresyon analiz ile mortalitenin bağımsız risk faktörleri; düşük kalp debisi, iki ameliyat arasındaki sürenin 10 yıl ve üzeri olması ve uzamış entübasyon olarak bulundu. Sonuç: Risk profilinin belirlenmesi ve hasta seçimi, hastane mortalitesinin düşürülmesi için ilk adım olabilir. Yüksek risk profilindeki olgularda, off-pump teknik ile revaskülarizasyon, hibrid revaskülarizasyon veya optimal medikal tedavi gibi farklı tedavi alternatiflerinin de değerlendirilmesi düşünülebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Reoperasyon; kalp debisi, düşük; koroner arter baypas; hastanede ölüm oranı
ABSTRACT
Objective: In our study, we aimed to investigate the risk factors for hospital mortality in reoperative coronary bypass surgery. Material and Methods: In our clinic, 105 (mean age 58.6±8.8 years, age range 19-79) patients who underwent isolated reoperative coronary artery bypass grafting between 1998 and 2010 were examined using a retrospective cohort study design. Patients who had concomitant procedures were excluded from the study. The risk factors that caused hospital mortality were investigated by using the preoperative, operative and postoperative variables. Independent risk factors for hospital mortality were determined by logistic regression analysis. Results: Hospital mortality was found as 12.3% (13 patients). Thirty-seven percent of patients were operated on between 1998 and 2004, and 62.9% between 2005 and 2010. The average time between two operations was 7.80 ± 5.38 years, ranged between 1 and 20 years. Univariate analysis of risk factors for hospital mortality were found as not using the internal mammary artery in the first operation, incomplete revascularization, Canadian Cardiovascular Society class 3 or 4 pain, advanced left ventricular dysfunction, low cardiac output, 10 years or more between two operations, prolonged intubation and revision due to bleeding or graft occlusion. Logistic regression analysis of independent risk factors for hospital mortality after reoperative coronary bypass surgery were found as the time between two operations 10 years or more, low cardiac output and prolonged intubation. Conclusion: Determining the risk profile and patient selection may be the first step in order to reduce hospital mortality. In patients with high-risk profile, alternative treatment modalities such as hybrid revascularization, with off-pump technique or optimal medical treatment may be considered.

Keywords: Reoperation; cardiac output, low; coronary artery bypass; hospital mortality

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