Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Ethics-Law and History

.: REVIEW
Koronavirüs Pandemisine Alternatif Bir Yaklaşım: Tarihsel Karşılaştırmalı Değerlendirme: Geleneksel Derleme
An Alternative Approach to Coronavirus Pandemic: Historical Comparative Evaluation: Traditional Review
Banu BURUKa
aTOBB Ekonomi ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Tıp Tarihi ve Etik ABD, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Ethics. 2021;29(2):302-10
doi: 10.5336/mdethic.2020-80215
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 İnsan toplumları, şehirlerde yaşadığı sürece salgın hastalıklarla mücadele etmiştir. Son 1 yüzyıl içinde dâhi İspanyol gribi (1918), HIV/AIDS (1981), şiddetli akut solunum sendromu (2002), Influenza A (2009), Ebola (2014) ve Orta Doğu solunum sendromu (2015) gibi birçok salgın hastalık ile yüzleşen insanlık, tarihsel salgınların dikkatli bir analizini yapabilir ise pandemilere en iyi nasıl yanıt verebileceği hakkında çok şey öğrenebilir. Söz konusu analiz birden fazla basamak içermektedir. Bu basamaklar, sırası ile öncelikle içinde bulunulan salgın hastalık süreci ve hastalık yapıcı virüs/bakterinin tanımlanması, 2. olarak bu hastalığın tehdit unsurlarının belirlenmesi, 3. olarak geçmiş salgın hastalık dönemlerinden neler öğrenildiğinin hatırlanması ve son olarak da o an yaşanan salgın hastalık sürecinin tarihsel düzlemde ne gibi farklılıklar içerdiğinin tespit edilmesidir. Bu yazıda, 2019 yılının son ayında hayatlarımıza giren koronavirüs pandemisinin, 1918 yılında dünya üzerinde yaşanan son büyük pandemi olan İspanyol gribi ile benzerlik ve farklılıklar açısından tarihsel karşılaştırmalı değerlendirmesi planlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: COVID-19; pandemi; tarihsel değerlendirme; yaşam değişiklikleri
ABSTRACT
 As long as human societies live in cities, they struggle with epidemics. People faced with many epidemic diseases such as Spanish flu (1918), HIV/AIDS (1981), severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (2002), Influenza A (2009), Ebola (2014) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (2015), even within the last century. If we can do a careful analysis of historical epidemics, we can learn a lot about how best to respond to pandemics. This analysis includes more than one step. First of all, defining the epidemic disease process and the pathogenic virus/bacterium, secondly determining the threats of this disease, thirdly remembering what has been learned from the past epidemic periods, and finally, what are the historical differences of the current epidemic process. In this article, a historical comparative evaluation of the coronavirus pandemic, which entered our lives in the last month of 2019, is planned in terms of similarities and differences with the Spanish flu, the last major pandemic in the world in 1918.

Keywords: COVID-19; pandemics; historical evaluation; life style differences
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