Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Kolcaba'nın Konfor Kuramına Göre Noninvaziv Mekanik Ventilatör Desteği Alan Hastaların Konfor ve Yaşam Kalitesi Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi: Yarı Deneysel Araştırma
Investigation of Comfort and Quality of Life Levels of Patients Receiving Non-Invasive Mechanical Ventilator Support According to Kolcaba's Comfort Theory: A Quasi-Experimental Research
Buse YILDIRIMa , Berna Nilgün ÖZGÜRSOY URANb
aManisa Celal Bayar Hafsa Sultan Hastanesi, Cerrahi Yoğun Bakım Ünitesi, Manisa, Türkiye
bİzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, İç Hastalıkları Hemşireliği AD, İzmir, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2025;17(2):617-29
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2024-105991
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Hemşirelik kuramları içerisinde orta düzey bir kuram olan, Katharine Kolcaba'nın konfor kuramı hemşirelik bakımını sistematik hale getirmeyi sağlayan bir kuramdır. Araştırmada, Kolcaba'nın konfor kuramına göre noninvaziv mekanik ventilatör desteği alan hastaların konfor ve yaşam kalitesi düzeylerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma; ön test-son test deney ve kontrol gruplu yarı deneysel tipte Mart-Ağustos 2023 tarihleri arasında Manisa'da bir kamu hastanesinde noninvaziv mekanik ventilatör desteği alan 60 hasta ile yürütülmüştür. Hastalar; basit rastgele randomizasyon yöntemiyle deney ve kontrol gruplarına ayrılmıştır. Deney grubundaki hastalara Kolcaba'nın konfor kuramına temellendirilmiş ve araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanmış hemşirelik bakım planı uygulanırken, kontrol grubuna standart hemşirelik bakım planı uygulanmıştır. Veriler; hasta tanıtım formu, genel konfor ölçeği kısa formu ve kısa form-36 ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizi SPSS 25.00 istatistik programı ile yapılmıştır. Çalışma için gerekli etik kurul ve hastane izinleri alınmıştır. Bulgular: Yoğun bakımlarda noninvaziv mekanik ventilatör desteği alan hastaların konfor düzeyleri incelendiğinde son ölçümlerde deney ve kontrol grubu arasında konfor düzeyleri açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Son test puanlarında deney ve kontrol grupları arasında yaşam kalitesi düzeyleri açısından sadece enerji canlılık ve ağrı düzeylerinde anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu görülmüştür (p<0,05). Hastaların bakıma ilişkin duygu ve ifadeleri incelendiğinde ise deney grubunda olan hastaların memnuniyet düzeylerinin oldukça yüksek olduğu, kontrol grubundaki hastaların ise çoğunlukla olumsuz duygular taşıdıkları görülmüştür. Sonuç: Noninvaziv mekanik ventilatör desteği alan hastalara uygulanan konfor kuramına temellendirilmiş hemşirelik bakımının hastaların konfor düzeyleri ve yaşam kalitelerine pozitif yönde etki ettiği saptanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Yoğun bakım hemşireliği; ventilatörler, mekanik; hemşirelik kuramı; hasta konforu; yaşam kalitesi
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Katharine Kolcaba's comfort theory, a middle-range theory among nursing theories, is a theory that enables the systematization of nursing care. The aim of the study was to examine the comfort and quality of life levels of patients receiving noninvasive mechanical ventilation support according to Kolcaba's comfort theory. Material and Methods: The research was conducted with 60 patients receiving noninvasive mechanical ventilator support in a public hospital in Manisa between March-August 2023 in a quasi-experimental type with pre-test-post-test experimental and control groups. Patients were divided into experimental and control groups using a simple randomization method. While the nursing care plan based on Kolcaba's comfort theory and prepared by the researchers was applied to the patients in the experimental group, the standard nursing care plan was applied to the control group. Data were collected using the patient identification form, general comfort scale short form and short form-36. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS 25.00 statistical program. Ethics committee and hospital permissions were obtained for the study. Results: When the comfort levels of the patients, receiving noninvasive mechanical ventilation support in intensive care units, were examined, it was determined that there was a statistically significant difference in comfort levels between the experimental and control groups in the final measurements (p<0.05). In the final test scores, a significant difference was found only in the energy, vitality and pain levels between the experimental and control groups in terms of quality of life levels (p<0.05). When the patients' feelings and expressions regarding care were examined, it was seen that the patients in the experimental group had very high satisfaction levels, while the patients in the control group mostly had negative feelings. Conclusion: It has been determined that nursing care based on comfort theory applied to patients receiving noninvasive mechanical ventilator support has a positive effect on the patients' comfort levels and quality of life.

Keywords: Critical care nursing; ventilators, mechanical; nursing theory; patient comfort; quality of life
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