Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Kanser Hastalarında Öz Bakım Yönetiminin ve Depresyonun COVID-19 Korkusuna Etkisi ve İlişkili Faktörler: Tanımlayıcı Çalışma
The Effect of Self-Care Management and Depression on Fear of COVID-19 in Cancer Patients and Associated Factors: Descriptive Study
Hilal YILDIRIMa, Sakine BEYOĞLUb
aİnönü Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi, Halk Sağlığı Hemşireliği ABD, Malatya, Türkiye
bTurgut Özal Tıp Merkezi, Organ Nakli Servisi, Malatya, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2022;14(3):755-62
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2022-87959
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu araştırma, kanser hastalarında öz bakım yönetiminin ve depresyonun koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 [coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)] korkusuna etkisi ve ilişkili faktörleri belirlemek amaçlı yürütüldü. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma, kura yöntemiyle belirlenen toplamda 3 aile sağlığı merkezinde gerçekleşti. Güç analizine göre hesaplanan 197 kişi alınması planlandı, 200 kişi ile araştırma tamamlandı. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak hastaları tanıtıcı anket formu, Koronavirüs Korkusu Ölçeği, Kısa Depresyon Ölçeği, Kronik Hastalıklarda Öz-Bakım Yönetimi Ölçeği kullanıldı. Bulgular: Kanser hastalarında, COVID-19 korkusu üzerine sosyal koruma yönetiminin %10 ile ilk ana etkiye, sosyal koruma yönetimi ve depresyonun %16 ile 2. düzeyde etkiye sahip olduğu belirlendi. Araştırmaya katılanların COVID-19 korku ve depresyon düzeyinin orta, öz bakım yönetimi ve onun alt boyutları olan sosyal ve öz koruma yönetiminin iyi düzeyde olduğu saptandı. Araştırmaya katılan kanser hastalarının COVID-19 korkusu ile öz bakım yönetimi, depresyon, sosyal koruma yönetimi arasında pozitif ilişki belirlendi. Pandemi sürecinde yürütülen bu araştırmada, depresyon düzeyi, hastalık seyrinin kötüye gittiğini bildirenlerde yüksek bulundu (p=0,018). Dördüncü evrede olduğunu bildirenlerde depresyon düzeyi yüksek bulundu (p=0,009). Hastalıklarıyla mücadele gücünün biraz ya da hiç olmadığını bildirenlerin depresyon düzeyinin daha yüksek olduğu belirlendi (p=0,000). Sonuç: Kanser hastalarında sosyal koruma yönetiminin ve depresyonun COVID-19 korkusu üzerinde etkili olduğu bulundu. COVID-19 korkusunun, öz bakım yönetimini ve depresyon düzeyini artırdığı belirlendi. Pandemi sürecinde kanserli hastaların ruh sağlığını korumak ve sosyal koruma yönetimini desteklemek için hemşirelerin koruyucu sağlık ile uygun müdahaleler oluşturması önerilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Öz bakım yönetimi; kanser; depresyon; COVID-19 korkusu
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effects of self-care management and depression on fear of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) and related factors in cancer patients. Material and Methods: The research was carried out in 3 family health centers determined by lottery method. According to the power analysis, 197 people were planned, research data was completed with 200 people. As data collection tools, patients were collected with an introductory questionnaire, the Coronavirus Fear Scale, the Brief Depression Scale, and the Self-Care Management in Chronic Diseases. Results: Social protection management in cancer patients is the first predictor 10%, social protection management and depression are the 2nd predictors 16%, they have a effect on fear of COVID-19. It was determined that the COVID-19 fear and depression level of the participants in the study was moderate, and self-care management, social and self-protection management, were at a good level. A positive relationship was determined between the fear of COVID-19 and self-care management, depression, social protection management. Depression level was found to be higher in those who reported worsening of the disease course (p=0.018), being in stage 4 (p=0.009), had little or no power to fight their diseases (p=0.000), during the pandemic. Conclusion: Social protection management and depression were found to be effective on fear of COVID-19 in cancer patients. It has been found to increase fear of COVID-19, self-care management, and the level of depression. It is recommended that nurses create appropriate interventions with preventive health to protect the mental health of cancer patients and support social protection management during the pandemic process.

Keywords: Self-care management; cancer; depression; fear of COVID-19
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