Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Kadın Sporcularda Düşük Kullanılabilir Enerji Anketi'nin Türkçe Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması: Metodolojik Çalışma
Turkish Validity and Reliability of the Low Energy Availability in Females Questionnaire: Methodological Study
Büke ÇELENK DURGUTa , Günay ESKİCİa , Şükran Nazan KOŞARb
aÇanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi, Antrenörlük Eğitimi Bölümü, Çanakkale, Türkiye
bHacettepe Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi, Rekreasyon Bölümü, Egzersizde Beslenme ve Metabolizma AD, Ankara, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Sports Sci. 2024;16(3):237-56
doi: 10.5336/sportsci.2024-103508
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Düşük kullanılabilir enerji (DKE), kadın sporcu triadının önemli bir bileşenidir. Besinlerden alınan enerjinin hem egzersiz hem de vücudun temel fizyolojik fonksiyonlarını karşılamak için yetersiz olma durumudur. Bu çalışmanın amacı; sporcunun sağlığı ve performansı açısından son derece önemli olan DKE durumunun tespitine katkı sağlayacak pratik bir yöntem olan ''Kadın Sporcularda Düşük Kullanılabilir Enerji Anketi'nin (Melin ve ark. tarafından geliştirilen2014) Türkçe geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmasının yapılmasıdır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırmaya literatür bilgisi doğrultusunda, ölçekteki madde sayısının 5 veya 19 katı kadar örneklem gerekmektedir ve 18- 39 yaş aralığında 143 kadın sporcu dâhil olmuştur. Verilerin toplanmasında; Google Formlar aracılığıyla oluşturulan anket, sosyal medya üzerinden katılımcılara gönderilerek doldurmaları istenmiştir. Geçerlik evresinde dil ve kapsam/içerik geçerliği yapılmıştır. Ölçeğin güvenirliği, hem test-tekrar test yöntemi hem de iç tutarlılık yöntemi ile değerlendirilmiştir. İç tutarlılık için ''Cronbach α katsayısı'' ve ''omega katsayısı'' hesaplanmıştır. Bulgular: ''Kadın Sporcularda Düşük Kullanılabilir Enerji Anketi'' genel alfa değeri 0,548; ''yaralanmalar'' alt boyutu 0,744, ''gastrointestinal fonksiyon'' alt boyutu 0,622 ve ''menstrüel fonksiyon ve kontraseptif kullanımı'' alt boyutu 0,617 olarak bulunmuştur. Ölçüm aracı için hesaplanan omega katsayısı 0,623-0,863 arasında değişmektedir. Ölçek genelinde, iki ölçüm arasındaki korelasyon değeri 0,886 olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Kadın Sporcularda Düşük Kullanılabilir Enerji Anketi'nin 18 yaş ve üzeri Türk kadın sporcularda ''kadın sporcu triadı'' ve ''sporda rölatif enerji eksikliği'' risk faktörlerinin değerlendirilmesinde kullanılabilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir araç olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Geçerlik; güvenirlik; Kadın Sporcularda Düşük Kullanılabilir Enerji Anketi; kadın sporcu triadı; sporda rölatif enerji eksikliği
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Low energy availability (LEA) is an important component of the female athlete triad. It is a condition that occurs when the energy received from food is insufficient to meet both exercise and the body's basic physiological functions. The purpose of this study is to determine the Turkish validity and reliability of the ''The Low Energy Availability in Females Questionnaire (LEAF-Q)'' (developed by Melin et al. 2014), a practical tool that will contribute to the detection of LEA status, which is crucial for the health and performance of athletes. Material and Methods: In line with the knowledge of the literature, the research required a sample of five or ten times the number of items in the scale, and 143 female athletes between the ages of 18-39 were included. To collect the data; the survey created via Google Forms was sent to the participants via social media and they were asked to fill out the questionary. During the validity phase, language and content validity were performed. The reliability of the questionary was evaluated by both the test-retest method and the internal consistency method. ''Cronbach α coefficient'' and ''omega coefficient'' were calculated for internal consistency. Results: The LEAF-Q overall alpha value is 0.548; The ''injuries'' subscale was found to be 0.744, the ''gastrointestinal function'' subscale was 0.622, and the ''menstrual function and contraceptive use'' subscale was 0.617. The omega coefficient calculated for the measurement tool varies between 0.623 and 0.863. Across the scale, the correlation value between the two measurements was found to be 0.886. Conclusion: The LEAF-Q is a valid and reliable tool that can be used in the evaluation of the ''female athlete triad'' and ''relative energy deficiency in sport'' risk factors in Turkish female athletes aged 18 and over.

Keywords: Validity; reliability; The Low Energy Availability in Females Questionnaire; female athlete triad; relative energy deficiency in sport
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