Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Judo Sporcularında Bacak Kas Sertliği ve Anaerobik Güç Parametreleri Arasındaki İlişkilerin İncelenmesi: Tanımlayıcı Araştırma
Examining the Relationship Between Leg Muscle Stiffness and Anaerobic Power Parameters in Judo Athletes: Descriptive Research
Seda BAYSALa , Selman KAYAb , Gökhan DELİCEOĞLUc , Burçak KESKİNb
aGençlik ve Spor Bakanlığı Sporcu Sağlığı, Performansı ve Hizmet Kalite Standartları Daire Başkanlığı, Ankara, Türkiye
bYalova Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi, Antrenörlük Eğitimi Bölümü, Yalova, Türkiye
cGazi Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi, Antrenörlük Eğitimi Bölümü, Ankara, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Sports Sci. 2024;16(1):23-30
doi: 10.5336/sportsci.2023-98732
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, judo sporcularında bacak kas sertliği ve anaerobik güç parametreleri arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma grubunu 15 kadın 15 erkek olmak üzere toplam 30 judo sporcu gönüllü olarak oluşturmuştur. Ölçümler, sporcunun en az 48 saat ara ile günde tek teste gireceği şekilde organize edilmiştir. 1. test gününde sporcuların anaerobik güç ve anaerobik kapasite ölçümleri, 2. test gününde ise bacak sertliği ölçümleri yapılmıştır. Parametrelerin ilişkisi Pearson korelasyon katsayı ile cinsiyetler arası farklar ise t-testi ile incelenmiştir. Tüm istatistiksel analizler için anlamlılık değeri 0,05 olarak belirlenmiştir. Bulgular: Judocuların bacak sertliği ile rölatif zirve güç ve rölatif ortalama güç değerleri arasında orta düzeyde, pozitif ve anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu görülürken (p<0,05), kontak süresi ile rölatif ortalama güç arasında orta düzeyde, negatif ve anlamlı bir ilişki görülmektedir (p<0,05). Havada kalış süresi ile anaerobik parametreler arasında ise anlamlı bir ilişki görülmemektedir (p>0,05). Kadın ve erkek judocuların rölatif zirve güç, rölatif ortalama güç ve bacak sertliği değerleri arasında anlamlı bir farklılık görülürken (p<0,05), kontak süresi, havada kalış süresi ve yorgunluk yüzdesi benzerlik göstermektedir (p>0,05). Sonuç: Bacak sertliği ile sporcuların rölatif zirve güç ve rölatif ortalama güçleri arasında ilişki olduğu ve bacak sertliği arttıkça rölatif zirve güç ve rölatif ortalama güç değerlerinde de artış olacağı söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Dikey bacak sertliği; judo sporu; anaerobik güç
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between leg stiffness and anaerobic power parameters in judo athletes. Material and Methods: The research group consisted of a total of 30 judo athletes, with 15 females and 15 males volunteering to participate. Measurements were organized in a way that athletes would undergo a single test with at least 48 hours of rest between each test day. On the first test day, measurements of anaerobic power and anaerobic capacity were conducted, while leg stiffness measurements were taken on the second test day. The relationship between the parameters was analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient, and gender differences were examined using t-test. The significance level for all statistical analyses has been determined as 0.05. Results: It was observed that there was a moderate, positive, and significant relationship between the athletes' leg stiffness and relative peak power and relative mean power values (p<0.05). There was also a moderate, negative, and significant relationship between contact time and relative mean power (p<0.05). However, no significant relationship was found between flight time and anaerobic parameters (p>0.05). Significant differences were found between female and male judo athletes in terms of relative peak power, relative mean power, and leg stiffness values (p<0.05), while contact time, flight time, and fatigue percentage showed similarities between the genders (p>0.05). Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be suggested that there is a relationship between leg stiffness and the athletes' relative peak power and relative mean power, indicating that an increase in leg stiffness may lead to an increase in these power values.

Keywords: Vertical leg stiffness; judo sport; anaerobic power
REFERENCES:
  1. Franchini E, Nunes AV, Moraes JM, Del Vecchio FB. Physical fitness and anthropometrical profile of the Brazilian male judo team. J Physiol Anthropol. 2007;26(2):59-67. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  2. Strong WB, Malina RM, Blimkie CJ, Daniels SR, Dishman RK, Gutin B, et al. Evidence based physical activity for school-age youth. J Pediatr. 2005;146(6):732-7. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  3. Özkan A, Mitat K, Ersöz G. Wingate anaerobik güç testinde optimal yükün belirlenmesi [Determination of the optimal load for the wingate anaerobic power test]. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 2011;9(1):1-5. [Crossref] 
  4. İmamoğlu O, Çebi M, Kishalı NF, Tunç T. Bayan judo milli takim sporcularinda bazi antropometrik ve fizyolojik parametrelerin incelenmesi [Mesasurements of some anthropometric and physiological parameters in national female judo team]. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 2010;1(1):34-40. [Link] 
  5. Kenney WL, Wilmore JH, Costill DL. Physiology of Sport and Exercise. 8th ed. Champaign, IL,: Human Kinetics; 2021.
  6. Bompa TO, Haff GG. Periodization: Theory and Methodology of Training. 5th ed. Champaign, IL, USA: Human Kinetics; 2009.
  7. Özkan A, Köklü Y, Ersöz G. Wingate anaerobik güç testi [Wingate anaerobic power test]. Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi. 2010;7(1):209-11. [Link] 
  8. Ağaoğlu Y, Eker H, İmamoğlu O. Diz kuvveti ve beden kitle indeksinin 30 metre ve 1500 metre koşu performansına etkisinin araştırılması [Effect of knee strength and body mass index on 30 m and 1500 m running performance]. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2009;6(11):401-19. [Link] 
  9. Roberts TJ. Contribution of elastic tissues to the mechanics and energetics of muscle function during movement. J Exp Biol. 2016;219(Pt 2):266-75. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  10. Butler RJ, Crowell HP 3rd, Davis IM. Lower extremity stiffness: implications for performance and injury. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 2003;18(6):511-7. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  11. Farley CT, Houdijk HH, Van Strien C, Louie M. Mechanism of leg stiffness adjustment for hopping on surfaces of different stiffnesses. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1998;85(3):1044-55. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  12. Latash ML, Zatsiorsky VM. Joint stiffness: myth or reality? Human Movement Science. 1993;12(6):653-92. [Crossref] 
  13. Ferris DP, Louie M, Farley CT. Running in the real world: adjusting leg stiffness for different surfaces. Proc Biol Sci. 1998;265(1400):989-94. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  14. Maloney SJ, Fletcher IM. Lower limb stiffness testing in athletic performance: a critical review. Sports Biomech. 2021;20(1):109-30. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  15. Chelly SM, Denis C. Leg power and hopping stiffness: relationship with sprint running performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2001;33(2):326-33. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  16. Lloyd RS, Oliver JL, Hughes MG, Williams CA. The effects of 4-weeks of plyometric training on reactive strength index and leg stiffness in male youths. J Strength Cond Res. 2012;26(10):2812-9. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  17. Guiard Q, Durand S. Jumping Performances In National 2 Women Handball Players: Effect of A 3-Month Plyometric Training Program. ISBS-Conference Proceedings Archive. 2015. [Link] 
  18. Uthoff A, Oliver J, Cronin J, Harrison C, Winwood P. Sprint-specific training in youth: backward running vs. forward running training on speed and power measures in adolescent male athletes. J Strength Cond Res. 2020;34(4):1113-22. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  19. Bret C, Rahmani A, Dufour AB, Messonnier L, Lacour JR. Leg strength and stiffness as ability factors in 100 m sprint running. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2002;42(3):274-81. [PubMed] 
  20. Zagatto A, Redkva P, Loures J, Kalva Filho C, Franco V, Kaminagakura E, et al. Anaerobic contribution during maximal anaerobic running test: correlation with maximal accumulated oxygen deficit. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2011;21(6):e222-30. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  21. Kaminagakura EI, Zagatto AM, Redkva PE, Gomes EB, Loures JP, Kalva-Filho CA, et al. Can the running-based anaerobic sprint test be used to predict anaerobic capacity? Journal of Exercise Physiology Online. 2012;15(2):90-9. [Link] 
  22. Hoffman JR, Maresh CM, Newton RU, Rubin MR, French DN, Volek JS, et al. Performance, biochemical, and endocrine changes during a competitive football game. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2002;34(11):1845-53. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  23. Vandewalle H, Pérès G, Monod H. Standard anaerobic exercise tests. Sports Med. 1987;4(4):268-89. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  24. Koşar ŞN, İşler AK. Üniversite öğrencilerinin wingate anaerobİk performans profili ve cinsiyet farklılıkları [Wingate anaerobic test performance profile of and gender differences in sedentary university students]. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 2004;15(1):25-38. [Link] 
  25. IBM Corp; Armonk N. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 26.0. 2019. Erişim tarihi: 01.02.2023 Erişim linki: [Link] 
  26. Paradisis GP, Bissas A, Pappas P, Zacharogiannis E, Theodorou A, Girard O. Sprint mechanical differences at maximal running speed: Effects of performance level. J Sports Sci. 2019;37(17):2026-36. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  27. Falgairette G, Billaut F, Giacomoni M, Ramdani S, Boyadjian A. Effect of inertia on performance and fatigue pattern during repeated cycle sprints in males and females. Int J Sports Med. 2004;25(3):235-40. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  28. Soydan TA, Hazir T, Ozkan A, Kin-Isler A. Gender differences in repeated sprint ability. Isokinetics and Exercise Science. 2018;26(1):73-80. [Crossref] 
  29. Durand S, Ripamonti M, Beaune B, Rahmani A. Leg ability factors in tennis players. Int J Sports Med. 2010;31(12):882-6. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  30. McMahon TA, Cheng GC. The mechanics of running: how does stiffness couple with speed? J Biomech. 1990;23 Suppl 1:65-78. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  31. Oliver J, Armstrong N, Williams C. Changes in jump performance and muscle activity following soccer-specific exercise. J Sports Sci. 2008;26(2):141-8. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 

.: Up To Date

Login

 Forgot your password?

 New Registration  

Contact

Ortadoğu Reklam Tanıtım Yayıncılık Turizm Eğitim İnşaat Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş.

.: Address

Turkocagi Caddesi No:30 06520 Balgat / ANKARA
Phone: +90 312 286 56 56
Fax: +90 312 220 04 70
E-mail: info@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Manuscript Editing Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 2
E-mail: yaziisleri@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: English Language Redaction

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 145
E-mail: tkyayindestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Marketing Sales-Project Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 142
E-mail: reklam@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Subscription and Public Relations Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: abone@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Customer Services

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: satisdestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

1. TERMS OF USE

1.1. To use the web pages with http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name or the websites reached through the sub domain names attached to the domain name (They will be collectively referred as "SITE"), please read the conditions below. If you do not accept these terms, please cease to use the "SITE." "SITE" owner reserves the right to change the information on the website, forms, contents, the "SITE," "SITE" terms of use anytime they want.

1.2. The owner of the "SITE" is Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. (From now on it is going to be referred as "Turkiye Klinikleri", shortly) and it resides at Turkocagi cad. No:30, 06520 Balgat Ankara. The services in the "SITE" are provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.3. Anyone accessing the "SITE" with or without a fee whether they are a natural person or a legal identity is considered to agree these terms of use. In this contract hereby, "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the stated terms anytime. These changes will be published in the "SITE" periodically and they will be valid when they are published. Any natural person or legal identity benefiting from and reaching to the "SITE" are considered to be agreed to any change on hereby contract terms done by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.4. The "Terms of Use" hereby is published in the website with the last change on March 30th 2014 and the "SITE" is activated by enabling the access to everyone. The "Terms of Use" hereby is also a part of the any "USER Contract" was and/or will be done with the users using "Turkiye Klinikleri" services with or without a fee an inseparable.

2. DEFINITIONS

2.1. "SITE": A website offering different kind of services and context with a certain frame determined by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and it is accessible on-line on http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name and/or subdomains connected to the domain name.

2.2. USER: A natural person or a legal identity accessing to the "SITE" through online settings.

2.3. LINK: A link enabling to access to another website through the "SITE", the files, the context or through another website to the "SITE", the files and the context.

2.4. CONTEXT: Any visual, literary and auditory images published in the "Turkiye Klinikleri", "SITE" and/or any website or any accessible information, file, picture, number/figures, price, etc.

2.5. "USER CONTRACT": An electronically signed contract between a natural or a legal identity benefiting from special services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide and "Turkiye Klinikleri".

3. SCOPE OF THE SERVICES

3.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine the scope and quality of the services via the "SITE".

3.2. To benefit the services of "Turkiye Klinikleri" "SITE", the "USER" must deliver the features that will be specified by "Turkiye Klinikleri". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change this necessity any time single-sided.

3.3. Not for a limited number, the services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide through the "SITE" for a certain price or for free are;

- Providing scientific articles, books and informative publications for health industry.

- Providing structural, statistical and editorial support to article preparation stage for scientific journals.

4. GENERAL PROVISIONS

4.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine which of the services and contents provided in the "SITE" will be charged.

4.2. People benefiting from the services provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and using the website can use the "SITE" only according to the law and only for personal reasons. Users have the criminal and civil liability for every process and action they take in the "SITE". Every USER agrees, declares and undertakes that they will not proceed by any function or action infringement of rights of "Turkiye Klinikleri"s and/or other third parties', they are the exclusive right holder on usage, processing, storage, made public and revealing any written, visual or auditory information reported to Turkiye Klinikleri" and/or "SITE" to the third parties. "USER" agrees and undertakes that s/he will not duplicate, copy, distribute, process, the pictures, text, visual and auditory images, video clips, files, databases, catalogs and lists within the "SITE", s/he will not be using these actions or with other ways to compete with "Turkiye Klinikleri", directly or indirectly.

4.3. The services provided and the context published within the "SITE" by third parties is not under the responsibility of "Turkiye Klinikleri", institutions collaborated with "Turkiye Klinikleri", "Turkiye Klinikleri" employee and directors, "Turkiye Klinikleri" authorized salespeople. Commitment to accuracy and legality of the published information, context, visual and auditory images provided by any third party are under the full responsibility of the third party. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not promise and guarantee the safety, accuracy and legality of the services and context provided by a third party.

4.4. "USER"s cannot act against "Turkiye Klinikleri", other "USER"s and third parties by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" has no direct and/or indirect responsibility for any damage a third party suffered or will suffer regarding "USER"s actions on the "SITE" against the rules of the hereby "Terms of Use" and the law.

4.5. "USER"s accept and undertake that the information and context they provided to the "SITE" are accurate and legal. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is not liable and responsible for promising and guaranteeing the verification of the information and context transmitted to "Turkiye Klinikleri" by the "USER"s, or uploaded, changed and provided through the "SITE" by them and whether these information are safe, accurate and legal.

4.6. "USER"s agree and undertake that they will not perform any action leading to unfair competition, weakening the personal and commercial credit of "Turkiye Klinikleri" and a third party,  encroaching and attacking on personal rights within the "SITE" in accordance with the Turkish Commercial Code Law.

4.7. "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the right to change the services and the context within the "SITE"  anytime. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use this right without any notification and timelessly. "USER"s have to make the changes and/or corrections "Turkiye Klinikleri" required immediately. Any changes and/or corrections that are required by "Turkiye Klinikleri", may be made by "Turkiye Klinikleri" when needed. Any harm, criminal and civil liability resulted or will result from changes and/or corrections required by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and were not made on time by the "USER"s belongs completely to the users.

4.8. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may give links through the "SITE" to other websites and/or "CONTEXT"s and/or folders that are outside of their control and owned and run by third parties. These links are provided for ease of reference only and do not hold qualification for support the respective web SITE or the admin or declaration or guarantee for the information inside. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not hold any responsibility over the web-sites connected through the links on the "SITE", folders and context, the services or products on the websites provided through these links or their context.

4.9. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use the information provided to them by the "USERS" through the "SITE" in line with the terms of the "PRIVACY POLICY" and "USER CONTRACT". It may process the information or classify and save them on a database. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may also use the USER's or visitor's identity, address, e-mail address, phone number, IP number, which sections of the "SITE" they visited, domain type, browser type, date and time information to provide statistical evaluation and customized services.

5. PROPRIETARY RIGHTS

5.1. The information accessed through this "SITE" or provided by the users legally and all the elements (including but not limited to design, text, image, html code and other codes) of the "SITE" (all of them will be called as studies tied to "Turkiye Klinikleri"s copyrights) belongs to "Turkiye Klinikleri". Users do not have the right to resell, process, share, distribute, display or give someone permission to access or to use the "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information and the products under copyright protection by "Turkiye Klinikleri". Within hereby "Terms of Use" unless explicitly permitted by "Turkiye Klinikleri" nobody can reproduce, process, distribute or produce or prepare any study from those under "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyright protection.

5.2. Within hereby "Terms of Use", "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the rights for "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information, the products associated with "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyrights, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trademarks, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trade looks or its all rights for other entity and information it has through this website unless it is explicitly authorized by "Turkiye Klinikleri".

6. CHANGES IN THE TERMS OF USE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" in its sole discretion may change the hereby "Terms of Use" anytime announcing within the "SITE". The changed terms of the hereby "Terms of Use" will become valid when they are announced. Hereby "Terms of Use" cannot be changed by unilateral declarations of users.

7. FORCE MAJEURE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" is not responsible for executing late or never of this hereby "Terms of Use", privacy policy and "USER Contract" in any situation legally taken into account as force majeure. Being late or failure of performance or non-defaulting of this and similar cases like this will not be the case from the viewpoint of "Turkiye Klinikleri", and "Turkiye Klinikleri" will not have any damage liability for these situations. "Force majeure" term will be regarded as outside of the concerned party's reasonable control and any situation that "Turkiye Klinikleri" cannot prevent even though it shows due diligence. Also, force majeure situations include but not limited to natural disasters, rebellion, war, strike, communication problems, infrastructure and internet failure, power cut and bad weather conditions.

8. LAW AND AUTHORISATION TO FOLLOW

Turkish Law will be applied in practicing, interpreting the hereby "Terms of Use" and managing the emerging legal relationships within this "Terms of Use" in case of finding element of foreignness, except for the rules of Turkish conflict of laws. Ankara Courts and Enforcement Offices are entitled in any controversy happened or may happen due to hereby contract.

9. CLOSING AND AGREEMENT

Hereby "Terms of Use" come into force when announced in the "SITE" by "Turkiye Klinikleri". The users are regarded to agree to hereby contract terms by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the contract terms and the changes will be come into force by specifying the version number and the date of change on time it is published in the "SITE".

 

30.03.2014

Privacy Policy

We recommend you to read the terms of use below before you visit our website. In case you agree these terms, following our rules will be to your favor. Please read our Terms of Use thoroughly.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com website belongs to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. and is designed in order to inform physicians in the field of health

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot reach to user’s identity, address, service providers or other information. The users may send this information to the website through forms if they would like to. However, www.turkiyeklinikleri.com may collect your hardware and software information. The information consists of your IP address, browser type, operating system, domain name, access time, and related websites. www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot sell the provided user information (your name, e-mail address, home and work address, phone number) to the third parties, publish it publicly, or keep it in the website. Gathered information has a directing feature to be a source for the website’s visitor profile, reporting and promotion of the services.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com uses the taken information:

-To enhance, improve and maintain the quality of the website

-To generate visitor’s profile and statistical data

-To determine the tendency of the visitors on using our website

-To send print publications/correspondences

-To send press releases or notifications through e-mail

-To generate a list for an event or competition

By using www.turkiyeklinikleri.com you are considered to agree that;

-Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. cannot be hold responsible for any user’s illegal and immoral behavior,

-Terms of use may change from time to time,

-It is not responsible for other websites’ contents it cannot control or the harms they may cause although it uses the connection they provided.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. may block the website to users in the following events:

-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

Written, visual and audible materials of the website, including the code and the software are under protection by legal legislation.

Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

All rights of the software and the design of the website belong to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. will be pleased to hear your comments about our terms of use. Please share the subjects you think may enrich our website or if there is any problem regarding our website.

info@turkiyeklinikleri.com