Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
İzmir İlinde Okul Öncesi Çocuklarda Çürük ve Maloklüzyonun Ağız Sağlığı ile İlişkili Yaşam Kalitesi Üzerindeki Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi
Evaluation of the Impact of Caries and Malocclusion on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Among Preschool Children in İzmir
Gülçin BULUTa, Burç PEKPINARLIb, Hazal Ezgi GERİHANb, Nazan ERSİNb, Fahinur ERTUĞRULb, Enver YETKİNERc, Hakan BULUTc
aİzmir Eğitim Diş Hastanesi Çocuk Diş Hekimliği Kliniği, İzmir, TÜRKİYE
bEge Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Çocuk Diş Hekimliği ABD, İzmir, TÜRKİYE
cEge Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Ortodonti ABD, İzmir, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Dental Sci. 2021;27(2):224-32
doi: 10.5336/dentalsci.2020-74812
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, çocuklarda Erken Çocukluk Çağı Çürüğü (EÇÇ) ve maloklüzyonun çocuk ve ailesinin yaşam kalitesi üzerine olan etkisini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: İzmir ilinde bulunan Ege Üniversitesi kampüsü içerisinde yer alan kreşlere devam eden 4-6 yaş arası 135 çocuk çalışmaya dâhil edildi. Kreşlere gidilerek, çocuğun çürük aktivitesi ile maloklüzyon durumunun değerlendirilmesi için hazırlanan anket veliler tarafından dolduruldu. Ağız sağlığı ile ilgili yaşam kalitesi değerlendirmesi Erken Çocukluk Çağı Ağız Sağlığı Etki Ölçeği [Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS)] kullanılarak gerçekleştirildi. Çocukların ağız içi muayeneleri gün ışığında ayna ve sond yardımıyla yapıldı. Malkoklüzyon ve Dünya Sağlık Örgütü kriterlerine göre çürük durumu tespit edildi. Yaşam kalitesi değerlendirmesi için çocuklar 3 grupta kategorize edildi; Grup 1: Çürüğü olan çocuklar, Grup 2: Maloklüzyonu olan çocuklar, Grup 3: Aynı anda hem çürük hem maloklüzyonu olan çocuklar. Verilerin analizinde Kruskal- Wallis, Bonferonni ve Mann-Whitney U testi testleri kullanıldı. Bulgular: ECOHIS değerlerine göre, yaşam kalitesi üzerine grup 1 ve 3'ün olumsuz etkisi olduğu tespit edildi (sırasıyla; p<0,001; p<0,001), fakat grup 2'nin olumsuz etkisi bulunamadı (p=0,826). Sadece çürük bulunan çocukların, sadece maloklüzyon bulunan çocuklara göre daha fazla olumsuz etkiye sahip olduğu gözlenmiştir (p=0,001). Aynı anda çürük ve maloklüzyon bulunan çocuklar, sadece maloklüzyon bulunanlara göre daha kötü yaşam kalitesine sahiptir (p<0,001). Sonuç: Çalışmada, her ne kadar EÇÇ'nin yaşam kalitesi üzerindeki etkisi kanıtlanabilse de maloklüzyonun hem çocukların hem de ailelerinin yaşam kalitesi üzerinde önemli bir olumsuz etkisi gösterilememiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Erken çocukluk çağı ağız sağlığı etki ölçeği; EÇÇ; çürük; çocuk; maloklüzyon
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of Early Childhood Caries (ECC) and malocclusion on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) of children and their families. Material and Methods: 135 children between the ages of 4-6, who were attending at kindergartens in Ege University campus in İzmir province, were included. A questionnaire, which was prepared for the evaluation of the caries activity and malocclusion status of the child was filled out by the parents in the kindergarten. OHRQoL was assessed by using the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS). The children were examined by using dental mirror and probe in daylight. Malocclusion and caries status according World Health Organisation criteria were determined. Children were categorized into 3 groups for quality of life assessment; Group 1: children with caries, Group 2: children with malocclusion, Group 3: children with both, caries and malocclusion. Data were analysed using Kruskal-Wallis and Bonferroni corrected Mann-Whitney tests. Results: According to ECOHIS, group 1 and 3 were found to have a negative impact on quality of life (p<0.001; p<0.001, respectively), but group 2 had no negative effect(p=0.826). It was observed that children with only caries had worse effect than those with only malocclusion (p=0.001). Children with both, caries and malocclusion had significantly poorer quality of life than children with only malocclusion (p<0.001). Conclusion: Although the impact of ECC on the quality of life could be demonstrated, a significant negative impact of malocclusion on both childrens' and their families' quality of life couldn't be shown.

Keywords: ECOHIS; ECC; caries; child; malocclusion
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