Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Investigating the Mealtime Behaviors of the Parents of Children with Typical Development and Autism Spectrum Disorder and Family Eating Routines
Tipik Gelişen ve Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Olan Çocukların Ebeveynlerinin Yemek Zamanı Davranışları ile Aile İçi Yeme Alışkanlıklarının İncelenmesi
Sena ÖZa, Pınar BAYHANb
aDepartment of Child Development, Ankara University Faculty of Health Sciences, Ankara, TURKEY
bDepartment of Child Development, Hacettepe University Faculty of Health Sciences, Ankara, TURKEY
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2021;6(2):217-26
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2020-75507
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Eating behaviors of children can be affected by parental eating behaviors as well as they may influence parental eating behaviors. In this mutual interaction, parental attitudes towards eating can also shape eating habits at home. In the study, it was aimed to examine the differences between parental mealtime actions and the family eating routines. Material and Methods: The parents of 180 children (90 with typical development-TD and 90 with autism spectrum disorder-ASD) aged 3-5 participated. The Parent Mealtime Action Scale was used to determine parents' eating behaviors and attitudes towards their children, and a personal information was used to determine family routines. Results: Considering the results obtained, limiting the number of snacks consumed daily by the parents of children with typically developing is more frequent in the group where the whole family eats at a specific time. In the parents of children with ASD, those who eat separately from the child consume less vegetable-fruit daily than those who eat together. In addition, the parents of children with ASD in the group where the whole family eats together, whether or not for a specific time, show more snacking models than those in the group where children eat separately. The parents of children with ASD whose foods are processed exhibit more positive persuasion. Conclusion: Family eating habits can be shaped in parallel with parental attitudes and behaviors. Therefore, fostering parental behaviors towards proper and healthy nutrition is thought to affect the eating behaviors of family members. It is considered that future studies should investigate the eating behaviors of children and parents through observing the natural environment of children.

Keywords: Autism spectrum disorder; mealtime; parents
ÖZET
 Amaç: Çocukların yeme davranışları, ebeveynlerin yeme davranışlarından etkilenebildiği gibi ebeveynlerin yeme davranışlarını da etkileyebilmektedir. Bu karşılıklı etkileşim içerisinde ebeveynlerin, yemek yemeye ilişkin tutumları da evdeki yeme alışkanlıklarını şekillendirebilmektedir. Mevcut çalışmada, ebeveynlerin yemek zamanlarındaki tutumları ile ev içi yeme rutinleri arasındaki farklılıkların incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu amaçla çalışmaya, 90 tipik gelişen ve 90 otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan 3-5 yaşları arasındaki çocuğun ebeveyni katılmıştır. Ebeveynlerin, çocuklarına olan yeme davranış ve tutumlarını belirlemek için 'Parent Mealtime Action Scale' ve ev rutinlerini belirlemeye yönelik araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen genel bilgi formu kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Elde edilen sonuçlara bakıldığında, tipik gelişen çocukların ebeveynlerin günlük tüketilen atıştırma miktarına sınır koyma davranışı, belirli bir saatte tüm ailenin yemek yediği grupta daha fazladır. Otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan çocukların ebeveynlerinde ise çocuğun diğer aile bireylerinden ayrı yiyenlere göre tüm aile birlikte yiyenler, günlük daha az sebze ve meyve tüketmektedirler. Ayrıca tüm ailenin belirli bir saat olsun ya da olmasın, birlikte yediği gruptaki otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan çocukların ebeveynleri, çocukların ayrı yemek yediği grupta olan ebeveynlere göre daha fazla atıştırma modeli olmaktadır. Yemeği işlemden geçen otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan çocukların ebeveynleri, daha fazla olumlu ikna tutumu sergilemektedir. Sonuç: Ev içindeki ailenin yeme alışkanlıkları, ebeveynlerin tutum ve davranışlarına paralel olarak şekillenebilmektedir. Bu nedenle de ebeveynlerin davranışlarının doğru ve sağlıklı beslenmeye yönelik olarak desteklenmesinin, tüm aile bireylerinin yeme davranışlarını etkileyebileceği düşünülmektedir. Gelecek araştırmalarda çocukların doğal ortamlarında gözlem yapılarak, çocukların ve ebeveynlerinin yeme davranışlarının incelenmesinin önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Otizm spektrum bozukluğu; yemek zamanı; ebeveynler
REFERENCES:
  1. Fischler C, Commensality, society and culture. Social Science Information. 2011;50(3-4):528-48. [Crossref] 
  2. Fulkerson JA, Story M, Neumark-Sztainer D, Rydell S. Family meals: perceptions of benefits and challenges among parents of 8-to 10-year-old children. Journal of the American Dietetic Association. 2008;108(4),706-9. [Crossref] [PubMed] 
  3. Humphry R. Young children's occupations: explicating the dynamics of developmental processes. American Journal of Occupational Therapy. 2002;56(2):171-9. [Crossref] [PubMed] 
  4. Fulkerson JA, Kubik MY, Rydell S, Boutelle KN, Garwick A, Story M, et al. Focus groups with working parents of school-aged children: what's needed to improve family meals?. Journal of nutrition education and behavior. 2011;43(3):189-93. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  5. Barendsen L, DeRosa B, Fischman W, Fishel A, London S, Meneses SF, Redick-Ponte C, et al. The Family Dinner Project; 2020. [Link] 
  6. Meral BF. [Feeding problems and evidence-based behavioral interventions in children with autism spectrum disorder]. Ankara University Faculty of Educational Sciences Journal of Special Education. 2017;18(3):493-508. [Link] 
  7. Rogers LG, Magill-Evans J, Rempel GR. Mothers' challenges in feeding their children with autism spectrum disorder-managing more than just picky eating. Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities. 2012;24(1):19-33. [Crossref] 
  8. Kodak T, Piazza CC. Assessment and treatment of feeding and sleeping disorders in children diagnosed with developmental disabilities. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America. 2008;17(4):887-905. [Crossref] [PubMed] 
  9. Balıkçı ÖS, Çıyıltepe M. Feeding problems of children with autism. PEOPLE: International Journal of Social Sciences. 2017;3(1):870-80. [Crossref] 
  10. Sharp WG, Burrell TL, Jaquess DL. The autism MEAL plan: a parent-training curriculum to manage eating aversions and low intake among children with autism. Autism. 2014;18(6):712-22. [Crossref] [PubMed] 
  11. Williams KE, Seiverling L. Eating problems in children with autism spectrum disorders. Topics in Clinical Nutrition. 2010;25(1):27-37. [Crossref] 
  12. Örün E, Erdil Z, Çetinkaya S, Tufan N, Yalçın SS. Problematic eating behaviour in Turkish children aged 12-72 months: characteristics of mothers and children. Cent Eur J Public Health. 2012;20(4):257-61. [Crossref] [PubMed] 
  13. Ledford JR, Gast DL. Feeding problems in children with autism spectrum disorders: a review. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities. 2006;21(3):153-66. [Crossref] 
  14. Holley CE, Farrow C, Haycraft EA. A systematic review of methods for increasing vegetable consumption in early childhood. Current Nutrition Reports. 2017;6(2):157-70. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  15. Nekitsing C, Blundell-Birtill P, Cockroft JE, Hetherington MM. Systematic review and meta-analysis of strategies to increase vegetable consumption in preschool children aged 2-5 years. Appetite. 2018;127:138-54. [Crossref] [PubMed] 
  16. Blissett J, Bennett C, Donohoe J, Rogers S, Higgs S. Predicting successful introduction of novel fruit to preschool children. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. 2012;112(12):1959-67. [Crossref] [PubMed] 
  17. Anzman SL, Rollins BY, Birch LL. Parental influence on children's early eating environments and obesity risk: implications for prevention. International Journal of Obesity. 2010;34(7):1116-24. [Crossref] 
  18. Mennella JA, Lukasewycz LD, Castor SM, Beauchamp GK. The timing and duration of a sensitive period in human flavor learning: a randomized trial. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2011;93(5),1019-24.[Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  19. Mennella JA, Castor SM. Sensitive period in flavor learning: effects of duration of exposure to formula flavors on food likes during infancy. Clinical Nutrition. 2012;31(6):1022-5. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  20. Larsen JK, Hermans RC, Sleddens EF, Engels RCME, Fisher JO, Kremers SPJ, et al. How parental dietary behavior and food parenting practices affect children's dietary behavior. Interacting sources of influence?. Appetite. 2015;89:246-57. [Crossref] [PubMed] 
  21. Caton SJ, Blundell P, Ahern SM, Nekitsing C, Olsen A, Møller P, et al. Learning to eat vegetables in early life: the role of timing, age and individual eating traits. PLoS One. 2014;30;9(5):e97609.[Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  22. Karasar N. Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemi. 19. Basım. Ankara: Nobel Yayınları; 2009.
  23. Erdoğan S, Nahcivan N, Esin MN. Hemşirelikte Araştırma Süreç, Uygulama ve Kriter. İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitapevleri; 2014.
  24. Hendy HM, Williams KE, Camise TS, Eckman N, Hedemann A. The Parent Mealtime Action Scale (PMAS). Development and association with children's diet and weight. Appetite. 2009;52(2):328-39. [Crossref] [PubMed] 
  25. Hendy H, Harclerode W, Williams KE. The Parent Mealtime Action Scale revised (PMAS-R): psychometric characteristics and associations with variables of clinical interest. Appetite. 2016;105:283-90. [Crossref] [PubMed] 
  26. Arslan N, Erol S. Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Form of the Parent Mealtime Action Scale. Hemşirelikte Araştırma Geliştirme Dergisi. 2014;16(3):16-27.
  27. Sevim S, Ayaz A. [Are B12 vitamins effective in the treatment of autistic children?]. Hacettepe University Faculty of Health Sciences Journal. 2017;4(1),15-27. [Link] 
  28. Ahearn WH, Castine T, Nault K, Green G. An assessment of food acceptance in children with autism or pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 2001;31(5):505-11.[Crossref] [PubMed] 
  29. Schreck KA, Williams K, Smith AF. A comparison of eating behaviors between children with and without autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 2004;34(4):433-8. [Crossref] [PubMed] 
  30. Schreck KA, Williams K. Food preferences and factors influencing food selectivity for children with autism spectrum disorders. Research in Developmental Disabilities. 2006;27(4):353-63. [Crossref] [PubMed] 
  31. Martins Y, Young RL, Robson DC. Feeding and eating behaviors in children with autism and typically developing children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 2008;38(10):1878-87. [Crossref] [PubMed] 
  32. Laud RB, Girolami PA, Boscoe JH, Gulotta CS. Treatment outcomes for severe feeding problems in children with autism spectrum disorder. Behav Modif. 2009;33(5):520-36. [Crossref] [PubMed] 
  33. Nadon G, Feldman DE, Dunn W, Gisel E. Association of sensory processing and eating problems in children with autism spectrum disorders. Autism Research and Treatment. 2011. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  34. Meral BF, Fidan A. Measuring the impact of feeding covariates on health-related quality of life in children with autism spectrum disorder. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders. 2015;10:124-30. [Crossref] 
  35. Raiten DJ, Massaro T. Perspectives on the nutritional ecology of autistic children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 1986;16(2):133-43. [Crossref] [PubMed] 
  36. Hyman SL, Stewart PA, Schmidt B, Lemcke N, Foley JT, Peck R, et al. Nutrient intake from food in children with autism. Pediatrics. 2012;130(Supplement 2):145-53. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  37. Zimmer MH, Hart LC, Manning-Courtney P, Murray DS, Bing NM, Summer S, et al. Food variety as a predictor of nutritional status among children with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 2012;42(4):549-56. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  38. Unal G, Özenoğlu A. Nutrition in neurodevelopmental disorders. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. 2016;6(2):80-5. [Crossref] 
  39. Önal S, Uçar A. [Nutritional approaches in the treatment of autism spectrum disorder]. Ankara Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2017;(1-2-3):179-94. [Link] 
  40. Uçar K, Samur G. [Current nutritional therapy approaches in autism treatment]. Beslenme ve Diyet Dergisi. 2017;45(1):53-60. [Link] 
  41. Lotspeich LJ. Otizm, yaygın gelişim bozuklukları ve asperger bozukluğu. (Steiner, H., editor). İstanbul: Prestij Publication; 2007.
  42. İftar GK. Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğuna Genel Bakış. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Vize Yayın Basın; 2012.
  43. Köroğlu E. Dsm-5 Ruhsal Bozuklukların Tanısal ve Sayımsal Elkitabı. 5. Baskı. Ankara: HYB Yayıncılık; 2014.
  44. Provost B, Crowe TK, Osbourn PL, McClain C, Skipper BJ. Mealtime behaviors of preschool children: comparison of children with autism spectrum disorder and children with typical development. Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics. 2010;30(3):220-33. [Crossref] [PubMed] 
  45. Brown R, Ogden J. Children's eating attitudes and behaviour: a study of the modelling and control theories of parental influence. Health Education Research. 2004;19(3):261-71. [Crossref] [PubMed] 
  46. Savage JS, Fisher JO, Birch LL. Parental influence on eating behavior: conception to adolescence. The Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics. 2007;35(1):22-34. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC] 
  47. Yavuzer H. Ana-Baba ve Çocuk. 26. basım. İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi; 2016.
  48. Oğuz Ş, Derin DÖ. An investigation of some nutrition habits of 60-72 month-old children. Elementary Education Online. 2013;12(2):498-511. [Link] 
  49. Marshall J, Hill RJ, Ziviani J, Dodrill P. Features of feeding difficulty in children with autism spectrum disorder. International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology. 2014;16(2):151-8. [Crossref] [PubMed] 

.: Up To Date

.: Process List

Login

 Forgot your password?

 New Registration  

Contact

Ortadoğu Reklam Tanıtım Yayıncılık Turizm Eğitim İnşaat Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş.

.: Address

Turkocagi Caddesi No:30 06520 Balgat / ANKARA
Phone: +90 312 286 56 56
Fax: +90 312 220 04 70
E-mail: info@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Manuscript Editing Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 2
E-mail: yaziisleri@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: English Language Redaction

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 145
E-mail: tkyayindestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Marketing Sales-Project Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 142
E-mail: reklam@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Subscription and Public Relations Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: abone@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Customer Services

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: satisdestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

1. TERMS OF USE

1.1. To use the web pages with http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name or the websites reached through the sub domain names attached to the domain name (They will be collectively referred as "SITE"), please read the conditions below. If you do not accept these terms, please cease to use the "SITE." "SITE" owner reserves the right to change the information on the website, forms, contents, the "SITE," "SITE" terms of use anytime they want.

1.2. The owner of the "SITE" is Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. (From now on it is going to be referred as "Turkiye Klinikleri", shortly) and it resides at Turkocagi cad. No:30, 06520 Balgat Ankara. The services in the "SITE" are provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.3. Anyone accessing the "SITE" with or without a fee whether they are a natural person or a legal identity is considered to agree these terms of use. In this contract hereby, "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the stated terms anytime. These changes will be published in the "SITE" periodically and they will be valid when they are published. Any natural person or legal identity benefiting from and reaching to the "SITE" are considered to be agreed to any change on hereby contract terms done by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.4. The "Terms of Use" hereby is published in the website with the last change on March 30th 2014 and the "SITE" is activated by enabling the access to everyone. The "Terms of Use" hereby is also a part of the any "USER Contract" was and/or will be done with the users using "Turkiye Klinikleri" services with or without a fee an inseparable.

2. DEFINITIONS

2.1. "SITE": A website offering different kind of services and context with a certain frame determined by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and it is accessible on-line on http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name and/or subdomains connected to the domain name.

2.2. USER: A natural person or a legal identity accessing to the "SITE" through online settings.

2.3. LINK: A link enabling to access to another website through the "SITE", the files, the context or through another website to the "SITE", the files and the context.

2.4. CONTEXT: Any visual, literary and auditory images published in the "Turkiye Klinikleri", "SITE" and/or any website or any accessible information, file, picture, number/figures, price, etc.

2.5. "USER CONTRACT": An electronically signed contract between a natural or a legal identity benefiting from special services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide and "Turkiye Klinikleri".

3. SCOPE OF THE SERVICES

3.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine the scope and quality of the services via the "SITE".

3.2. To benefit the services of "Turkiye Klinikleri" "SITE", the "USER" must deliver the features that will be specified by "Turkiye Klinikleri". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change this necessity any time single-sided.

3.3. Not for a limited number, the services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide through the "SITE" for a certain price or for free are;

- Providing scientific articles, books and informative publications for health industry.

- Providing structural, statistical and editorial support to article preparation stage for scientific journals.

4. GENERAL PROVISIONS

4.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine which of the services and contents provided in the "SITE" will be charged.

4.2. People benefiting from the services provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and using the website can use the "SITE" only according to the law and only for personal reasons. Users have the criminal and civil liability for every process and action they take in the "SITE". Every USER agrees, declares and undertakes that they will not proceed by any function or action infringement of rights of "Turkiye Klinikleri"s and/or other third parties', they are the exclusive right holder on usage, processing, storage, made public and revealing any written, visual or auditory information reported to Turkiye Klinikleri" and/or "SITE" to the third parties. "USER" agrees and undertakes that s/he will not duplicate, copy, distribute, process, the pictures, text, visual and auditory images, video clips, files, databases, catalogs and lists within the "SITE", s/he will not be using these actions or with other ways to compete with "Turkiye Klinikleri", directly or indirectly.

4.3. The services provided and the context published within the "SITE" by third parties is not under the responsibility of "Turkiye Klinikleri", institutions collaborated with "Turkiye Klinikleri", "Turkiye Klinikleri" employee and directors, "Turkiye Klinikleri" authorized salespeople. Commitment to accuracy and legality of the published information, context, visual and auditory images provided by any third party are under the full responsibility of the third party. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not promise and guarantee the safety, accuracy and legality of the services and context provided by a third party.

4.4. "USER"s cannot act against "Turkiye Klinikleri", other "USER"s and third parties by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" has no direct and/or indirect responsibility for any damage a third party suffered or will suffer regarding "USER"s actions on the "SITE" against the rules of the hereby "Terms of Use" and the law.

4.5. "USER"s accept and undertake that the information and context they provided to the "SITE" are accurate and legal. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is not liable and responsible for promising and guaranteeing the verification of the information and context transmitted to "Turkiye Klinikleri" by the "USER"s, or uploaded, changed and provided through the "SITE" by them and whether these information are safe, accurate and legal.

4.6. "USER"s agree and undertake that they will not perform any action leading to unfair competition, weakening the personal and commercial credit of "Turkiye Klinikleri" and a third party,  encroaching and attacking on personal rights within the "SITE" in accordance with the Turkish Commercial Code Law.

4.7. "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the right to change the services and the context within the "SITE"  anytime. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use this right without any notification and timelessly. "USER"s have to make the changes and/or corrections "Turkiye Klinikleri" required immediately. Any changes and/or corrections that are required by "Turkiye Klinikleri", may be made by "Turkiye Klinikleri" when needed. Any harm, criminal and civil liability resulted or will result from changes and/or corrections required by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and were not made on time by the "USER"s belongs completely to the users.

4.8. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may give links through the "SITE" to other websites and/or "CONTEXT"s and/or folders that are outside of their control and owned and run by third parties. These links are provided for ease of reference only and do not hold qualification for support the respective web SITE or the admin or declaration or guarantee for the information inside. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not hold any responsibility over the web-sites connected through the links on the "SITE", folders and context, the services or products on the websites provided through these links or their context.

4.9. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use the information provided to them by the "USERS" through the "SITE" in line with the terms of the "PRIVACY POLICY" and "USER CONTRACT". It may process the information or classify and save them on a database. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may also use the USER's or visitor's identity, address, e-mail address, phone number, IP number, which sections of the "SITE" they visited, domain type, browser type, date and time information to provide statistical evaluation and customized services.

5. PROPRIETARY RIGHTS

5.1. The information accessed through this "SITE" or provided by the users legally and all the elements (including but not limited to design, text, image, html code and other codes) of the "SITE" (all of them will be called as studies tied to "Turkiye Klinikleri"s copyrights) belongs to "Turkiye Klinikleri". Users do not have the right to resell, process, share, distribute, display or give someone permission to access or to use the "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information and the products under copyright protection by "Turkiye Klinikleri". Within hereby "Terms of Use" unless explicitly permitted by "Turkiye Klinikleri" nobody can reproduce, process, distribute or produce or prepare any study from those under "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyright protection.

5.2. Within hereby "Terms of Use", "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the rights for "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information, the products associated with "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyrights, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trademarks, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trade looks or its all rights for other entity and information it has through this website unless it is explicitly authorized by "Turkiye Klinikleri".

6. CHANGES IN THE TERMS OF USE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" in its sole discretion may change the hereby "Terms of Use" anytime announcing within the "SITE". The changed terms of the hereby "Terms of Use" will become valid when they are announced. Hereby "Terms of Use" cannot be changed by unilateral declarations of users.

7. FORCE MAJEURE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" is not responsible for executing late or never of this hereby "Terms of Use", privacy policy and "USER Contract" in any situation legally taken into account as force majeure. Being late or failure of performance or non-defaulting of this and similar cases like this will not be the case from the viewpoint of "Turkiye Klinikleri", and "Turkiye Klinikleri" will not have any damage liability for these situations. "Force majeure" term will be regarded as outside of the concerned party's reasonable control and any situation that "Turkiye Klinikleri" cannot prevent even though it shows due diligence. Also, force majeure situations include but not limited to natural disasters, rebellion, war, strike, communication problems, infrastructure and internet failure, power cut and bad weather conditions.

8. LAW AND AUTHORISATION TO FOLLOW

Turkish Law will be applied in practicing, interpreting the hereby "Terms of Use" and managing the emerging legal relationships within this "Terms of Use" in case of finding element of foreignness, except for the rules of Turkish conflict of laws. Ankara Courts and Enforcement Offices are entitled in any controversy happened or may happen due to hereby contract.

9. CLOSING AND AGREEMENT

Hereby "Terms of Use" come into force when announced in the "SITE" by "Turkiye Klinikleri". The users are regarded to agree to hereby contract terms by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the contract terms and the changes will be come into force by specifying the version number and the date of change on time it is published in the "SITE".

 

30.03.2014

Privacy Policy

We recommend you to read the terms of use below before you visit our website. In case you agree these terms, following our rules will be to your favor. Please read our Terms of Use thoroughly.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com website belongs to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. and is designed in order to inform physicians in the field of health

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot reach to user’s identity, address, service providers or other information. The users may send this information to the website through forms if they would like to. However, www.turkiyeklinikleri.com may collect your hardware and software information. The information consists of your IP address, browser type, operating system, domain name, access time, and related websites. www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot sell the provided user information (your name, e-mail address, home and work address, phone number) to the third parties, publish it publicly, or keep it in the website. Gathered information has a directing feature to be a source for the website’s visitor profile, reporting and promotion of the services.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com uses the taken information:

-To enhance, improve and maintain the quality of the website

-To generate visitor’s profile and statistical data

-To determine the tendency of the visitors on using our website

-To send print publications/correspondences

-To send press releases or notifications through e-mail

-To generate a list for an event or competition

By using www.turkiyeklinikleri.com you are considered to agree that;

-Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. cannot be hold responsible for any user’s illegal and immoral behavior,

-Terms of use may change from time to time,

-It is not responsible for other websites’ contents it cannot control or the harms they may cause although it uses the connection they provided.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. may block the website to users in the following events:

-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

Written, visual and audible materials of the website, including the code and the software are under protection by legal legislation.

Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

All rights of the software and the design of the website belong to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. will be pleased to hear your comments about our terms of use. Please share the subjects you think may enrich our website or if there is any problem regarding our website.

info@turkiyeklinikleri.com