Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
İntihar Girişimi Öyküsü Olan Majör Depresyon Tanılı Hastaların Aile Üyelerinin Deneyimleri: Nitel Bir Çalışma
Experiences of Family Members of Patients Diagnosed with Major Depression with a History of Suicide Attempts: A Qualitative Study
Merve ÖNDER ERDOĞANa , Dudu KARAKAYAb , İlhan GÜNBAYIc
aIsparta Şehir Hastanesi, Anestezi ve Reanimasyon Yoğun Bakım Ünitesi, Isparta, Türkiye
bAkdeniz Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi, Psikiyatri Hemşireliği AD, Antalya, Türkiye
cAkdeniz Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Bölümü, Eğitim Yönetimi AD, Antalya, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2024;16(3):856-66
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2023-99299
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, intihar girişimi öyküsü olan majör depresyon tanılı hastaların aile üyelerinin deneyimlerini belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırmada, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden tanımlayıcı fenomenolojik yöntem kullanılmıştır. Örneklem, ölçüt örnekleme tekniği ile belirlenmiş ve 2019-2022 yılları arasında Akdeniz Üniversitesi Hastanesi Psikiyatri Kliniğinde majör depresyon tanısı ile tedavi gören ve intihar öyküsü bulunan hastaların birinci derece yakınlarından oluşmuştur. Veriler yüz yüze bireysel görüşme yöntemi ile kişisel bilgi formu ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, Giorgi ve ark.nın önerdiği tanımlayıcı fenomenolojik yöntem kullanılmıştır. Veriler, N-VIVO 10 Pro paket programında analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Katılımcıların intihara ve intihar girişiminde bulunan birey ile birlikte yaşamaya ilişkin algılarının çoğunlukla olumsuz olduğu belirlenmiştir. İntiharın önlenebilirliğine ilişkin farklı görüşler dile getirmişlerdir. İntihar girişimi sonrasında yaşamlarının birçok yönden olumsuz etkilendiğini belirtmişler, yaşanan olumsuzluklara rağmen olumlu deneyimler edindiklerini dile getirmişlerdir. Pozitif duygular, negatif duygulara oranla daha yoğun ifade edilmiştir. İntihar girişiminde bulunan bireye yönelik, olumlu tutum ve davranışlar sergilenmeye çalışıldığı, etkili ve etkisiz baş etme yöntemlerinin kullanıldığı, desteğe ve bilgiye gereksinimlerinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışma ile intihar girişiminin aile bireylerini derinden etkilediği, bu nedenle intihar girişimi sonrasındaki süreç yönetimi hakkında bilgi ve destek gereksinimleri olduğu ortaya konmuştur. Bu doğrultuda intihar girişiminde bulunan majör depresyon tanılı bireylerin aileleri için oluşturulacak destek programlarına ihtiyaç olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: İntihar; nitel araştırma; psikiyatri hemşireliği; aile; yaşam deneyimi
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the experiences of family members of patients diagnosed with major depression with a history of suicide attempts. Material and Methods: In the research, descriptive phenomenological method, one of the qualitative research methods, was used. The sample was determined by criterion sampling technique and consisted of first-degree relatives of patients with a history of suicide who were treated for major depression in the Akdeniz University Hospital Psychiatry Clinic between 2019-2022. The Data were collected using face-to-face individual interview method, by personal information form and semi-structured interview form. The descriptive phenomenological method proposed by Giorgi et al. was used in the analysis of the data. The data were analyzed in the N-VIVO 10 Pro package program. Results: It was determined that the participants' perceptions of suicide and living with the person who attempted suicide were mostly negative. They expressed different views on the preventability of suicide. They stated that after the suicide attempt, their lives were adversely affected in many ways, and they expressed that they had positive experiences despite the negativities. Negative emotions were expressed more intensely than positive emotions. It has been determined that they try to exhibit positive attitudes and behaviors to the individual who has attempted suicide, they use effective and ineffective coping coping methods, and they need support and information. Conclusion: In this study, it was concluded that the suicide attempt affects the family members deeply, therefore, there is a need for information and support about the process management after the suicide attempt. In this direction, it is thought that there is a need for support programs to be created for the families of individuals diagnosed with major depression who attempt suicide.

Keywords: Suicide; qualitative research; psychiatric nursing; family; life experience
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