Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
İdiyopatik Karpal Tünel Sendromlu Hastalarda Klinik-Elektrofizyolojik ve Kantitatif MR Görüntüleme Değerlendirmesi
Clinical-Neurophysiological and Quantitative MR Imaging Assesment in Patients with Idiopathic Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Figen GÜNEYa, Demet AYDOĞDU KIREŞİb, Osman TÜFEKÇİc, Tahir Kemal ŞAHİNd
aNöroloji AD,
bRadyoloji AD,
dHalk Sağlığı AD, Konya Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Meram Tıp Fakültesi,
cFizik Tedavi Rehabilitasyon Polikliniği, Özel Farabi Hastanesi, Konya
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci. 2014;34(3):285-92
doi: 10.5336/medsci.2013-35456
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
Amaç: Karpal tünel sendromu (KTS) tanısında manyetik rezonans görüntülemenin (MRG) yerinin klinik, elektrofizyolojik verilerle birlikte değerlendirilerek araştırılması amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Klinik ve elektrofizyolojik olarak KTS tanısı alan 21 hasta çalışmaya alındı. Median sinir alanı ve düzleşme oranı, radioulnar eklem (seviye 1), os psiforme (seviye 2) ve os hamatum (seviye 3) seviyelerinde fleksor retinakulum kalınlığıyla birlikte MRG'de değerlendirildi. Benzer yaş grubundaki 20 kişilik kontrol grubu ile MRG bulguları karşılaştırıldı. Klinik evre, elektrofizyolojik evre arasındaki korelasyonla birlikte Phalen ve Tinel testlerinin pozitif ya da negatif olma durumlarına göre; klinik, ve elektrofizyolojik evre arasındaki ilişkiye bakıldı. KTS tanısında MRG'nin seçiciliği, duyarlılığı, pozitif ve negatif prediktif değerleri de ROC analizi yapılarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: KTS'li olgularda median sinir alanı radioulnar eklem, psiform kemik seviyesinde anlamlı derecede genişken median sinir düzleşme oranı tüm seviyelerde anlamlı derecede büyüktü (sırasıyla p=0,002, p=0,001 ve p=0,001). Fleksor retinakulum kalınlığı da KTS'li olgularda anlamlı derecede büyüktü (p=0,001). Klinik evre ile elektrofizyolojik evre arasında orta derecede korelasyon bulunurken (r=0,664, p=0,001), Tinel ya da Phalen testi pozitifliği ile klinik evre, ve elektrofizyolojik evre ortancaları benzer bulundu (sırasıyla p=0,880 ve p=0,841). Klinik değerlendirmede, MRG'nin pozitif sonucunun gerçekte KTS olma olasılığı olan pozitif prediktif değerlere bakıldığında ise; median sinir alanının seviye 2'de, düzleşme oranının seviye 3'te en yüksek olduğu (sırasıyla %82,4 ve %92,9) bulunmuş, fleksör retinakulum kalınlığının ise %85,7 olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç: MRG, KTS tanısında tek başına kullanılabilecek kadar tanısal geçerliliği yüksek bir yöntem değildir. Buna karşın, konservatif tedavinin yetersiz ya da başarısız olduğu durumlarda KTS'nin nedenini bulmada özellikle karpal tünel içinde yer kaplayan lezyonlar ya da anatomik varyasyonların tanımlanmasında kullanılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Karpal tünel sendromu; elektromiyografi; manyetik rezonans görüntüleme
ABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate the significance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) by evaluating with clinical and electrophysiologic findings. Material and Methods: Twenty one patients diagnosed clinically and electrophysiologically with CTS were included in the study. Median nerve area and ''flattening ratio'' were evaluated on MRI along with flexor retinaculum thickness at the levels of radioulnar joint (level 1), os psiforme (level 2) and os hamatum (level 3). The findings of MRI were compared with those obtained from the controls at the similar age. The association between clinical and electrophysiologic stages were investigated according to the positivity and negativity of Phalen and Tinel tests, in addition to the correlation between clinical and electrophysiologic stages. The selectivity, sensitivity of MRI, and its positive and negative predictive values in the diagnosis of CTS were also assessed using ROC analysis. Results: While median nerve area at radioulnar joint was significantly wider at os psiforme level, ''flattening ratio'' of median nerve was significantly greater at all levels (p=0.002, p=0.001 and p=0.001, respectively). The thickness of flexor retinaculum was also significantly greater in CTS cases (p=0.001). Although a moderate correlation was present between clinical and electrophysiologic stages (r=0.664, p=0,001), the averages between Tinel or Phalen tests and clinical and electrophysiologic stages were found to be similar (p=0.880 and p=0.841, respectively). In clinical evaluation, however, when the findings of MRI positivity were assessed in positive predictive values indicating CTS possibility, median nerve area and flattening ratio were found to be the greatest at levels 2 and 3 (82.4% and 92.9%), and thickness of flexor retinaculum was determined as 85.7%. Conclusion: The diagnostic validity of MRI is not high enough to be used alone in the diagnosis of CTS. However, it can be used to find the reason of CTS, especially for determination of lesions in carpal tunnel or anatomic variations in the cases where conservative treatments are failed or insufficient.

Keywords: Carpal tunnel syndrome; electromyography; magnetic resonance imaging

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