Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Yaşam Kalitelerinin ve Algılanan Sosyal Destek Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi ve Yaşam Kalitesi ile İlişkili Faktörlerin Değerlendirilmesi
Defining the Quality of Life and Perceived Social Support Levels Among Nursing Students and Evaluating the Quality of Life Related Factors
Tahsin Gökhan TELATARa, Sarp ÜNERb
aRecep Tayyip Erdoğan Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Halk Sağlığı ABD, Rize, TÜRKİYE
bHacettepe Üniversitesi Halk Sağlığı Enstitüsü, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2020;5(1):128-34
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2019-66332
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Yaşam kalitesi genel sağlığın belirleyicilerindendir ve insan hayatının her döneminde farklı risk faktörlerinden etkilenmektedir. Araştırmamızda, üniversitede öğrenim gören hemşirelik öğrencilerinin yaşam kalitelerinin belirlenmesi ve yaşam kaliteleri ile ilişkili olabilecek barınma koşulları, sosyal destek algısı ve sağlık durumu gibi faktörlerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma kesitsel tiptedir ve bir üniversitenin hemşirelik bölümünde öğrenim gören 389 öğrenci evreni oluşturmaktadır. Örneklem belirlenmemiş ve öğrencilerin 353 (%90,7)'üne ulaşılmıştır. Öğrencilerin yaşam kaliteleri Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından geliştirilmiş olan WHOQOL-BREF ölçeği ile değerlendirilmiştir. Yaşam kalitesine etki edebileceği düşünülen risk faktörleri yapılandırılmış bir anket formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır ve öğrencilerin sosyal destek algıları 'Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği (Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support)' ile değerlendirilmiştir. Risk faktörlerinin yaşam kalitesi skorları ile ilişkisinin değerlendirilmesinde lineer regresyon modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırma gönüllülük esasına tabi yapılmış olup, gerek bulunmadığından etik kurul onayı alınmamıştır. Bulgular: Öğrencilerin WHOQOL-BREF puanlarının tüm alt alanları ile sosyal destek algıları arasında pozitif yönde korelasyon tespit edilmiştir. Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin genel sağlık durumunun iyi olması ile arkadaş kaynaklı sosyal destek algılarının yüksek olması WHOQOL-BREF ölçeğinin tüm alt alanları ile istatistiksel olarak olumlu yönde anlamlı ilişki gösterirken; ileri sınıflarda olması, erkek olmak, yurt ya da pansiyon gibi yerler yerine evde kalıyor olmak, gelir durumunun yeterli olması ve algılanan sosyal destek puanının diğer alanlarında yüksek olması, WHOQOL-BREF ölçeğinin farklı alt alanlarında yüksek yaşam kalitesi ile ilişkili bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Öğrencilerin barınma, genel sağlık, gelir ve sosyal destek algısı gibi müdahale edilebilir olan durumlarının yaşam kalitesi ile ilişkili olması, üniversite öğrencilerine yönelik yapılacak hem sosyal hem de sağlık alanındaki politika belirleme ve uygulamalarda öğrencilerin sosyal desteklerinin olumlu yönde etkileyecek müdahalelere öncelik verilmesinin gerekliliğini açığa çıkartmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Hemşirelik öğrencileri; yaşam kalitesi; algılanan sosyal destek; lineer regresyon
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Quality of life is one of the determinants of general health and can be influenced by various risk factors among different periods of life. Our study aims to determine the quality of life of university students and evaluate the related factors such as accommodation status, social support perception and health status. Material and Methods: The universe of this cross-sectional study consists of 389 nursing students of a university. No sample size was defined, and 353 of the students have participated in the study (90.7%). The quality of life of the university students was evaluated by the WHOQOL-BREF which had been developed by the World Health Organization. A structured questionnaire assessed the potential risk factors associated with quality of life and the social support perception evaluated by the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. The association between risk factors and quality of life is determined with a linear regression model. The participation in the study was based entirely on volunteering, and there was no need for ethical board approval. Results: We found a positive correlation between all aspects of the WHOQOL-BREF scores and the perceived social support of university students. Being in a healthy condition and having social support from friends are found to be related with increased quality of life among all aspects of WHOQOL-BREF. Being a senior student, male sex, residing in a house rather than student dormitories, having adequate income, and having high social support among other aspects of the scale were found to be related with increased quality of life among various sub-domains of WHOQOL- BREF. Conclusion: The gentle nature of issues like residency, general health condition, income and perceived social support makes them essential for the future development of social and health politics and implementations aiming to improve social support among university students.

Keywords: Nursing students; quality of life; perceived social support; linear regression
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