Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Ethics-Law and History

.: REVIEW
Hemşirelik Bakımında Vicdani Ret Mümkün müdür?
Is Conscientious Objection Possible in Nursing Care?
İlkay BOZa
aAkdeniz Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi, Doğum ve Kadın Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ABD, Antalya, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Ethics. 2020;28(1):134-40
doi: 10.5336/mdethic.2019-70033
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Hemşirelikte etik uygulama, bakım alan ve bakım veren arasındaki kişilerarası ilişkinin hassasiyeti nedeni ile oldukça önemlidir. Etik bakımı sağlayabilmek ve etik ikilemleri yönetebilmek için hemşireler vicdanlarına başvurmaktadır. Vicdani ret, hemşirelerin vicdan ile ilgili kişisel ve etik çatışmaları ele alma stratejisidir. Ancak vicdani reddin hemşirelik alanında nasıl yaşandığı sorusunun kesin bir yanıtı bulunmamaktadır. Vicdan, vicdan stresi ve vicdani ret kavramlarının incelenmesi; bu kavramların hemşirelik etiğinin uygulaması, araştırması ve eğitimi üzerine etkilerinin anlaşılmasını sağlayacaktır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, hemşirelikte vicdan, vicdan stresi ve vicdani ret kavramlarının irdelenmesi ve bakım etiğine yansımalarının değerlendirilmesidir. Yapılan araştırmalar sonucunda, vicdani ret ile ilgili hemşirelerin yeterince bilgi sahibi olmadığı, çevre ve kendi vicdanları arasında sıkışarak vicdani stres deneyimledikleri, vicdan çatışması sonucunda bireysel ve ahlaki inançları nedeni ile vicdani redde yöneldikleri anlaşılmaktadır. Ancak çalışmalarda vicdani reddin bakım sonuçlarına etkileri açıklanmamıştır. Ülkemizde hemşirelik bilimini ilerletmek adına bakımda vicdan stresi ve vicdani redde yönelik çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Ayrıca hemşirelikte tartışmalı bir konu olan vicdani reddin eğitim, araştırma, yönetim ve uygulama açısından taraflarla tartışılması ve ülkemiz hemşireleri için ilke birliği oluşturulması önerilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Hemşirelik bakımı; vicdan; vicdan stresi; vicdani ret
ABSTRACT
 Ethical practice in nursing is very important because of the sensitivity of interpersonal relationships between care giver and care taken. Nurses use their conscience to provide ethical care and manage ethical dilemmas. Conscientious objection is the strategy of nurses to deal with personal and ethical conflicts about conscience. However, there is no definitive answer to the question of how conscientious objection is experienced in the field of nursing. The investigation of the conscience, conscience stress and conscientious objection concepts will help to understand the effects of these concepts on the practice, research and education of nursing ethics. The aim of this review is to evaluate the concepts of conscience, conscience stress and conscientious objection in nursing and to evaluate their reflections on care ethics. The studies revealed that the nurses concerned with conscientious objection did not have enough knowledge and experienced conscience stress in a squeeze between the environment and their own conscience, and as a result of the conflict of conscience, they are oriented towards conscientious objection because of their individual and moral beliefs. However, the effects of conscientious objection on care outcomes are not explained. In order to advance the nursing science in our country, studies on conscience and conscientious objection are needed in nursing care. In addition, it can be suggested to discuss the conscientious objection, which is a controversial issue in nursing, with the parties in terms of education, research, management and implementation and to establish a unity of principles for the nurses of our country.

Keywords: Nursing care; conscience; conscientious stress; conscientious objection
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