Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Ethics-Law and History

.: RESEARCH
Hekimlerin Etik İklim Algısının Tükenmişlik ile Olan İlişkisi: Tanımlayıcı Araştırma
The Relationship Between Physicians' Ethical Climate Perception and Burnout: Descriptive Research
Sibel ÖNER YALÇINa, Mehmet DEMİRCİa
aPamukkale Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Tıp Tarihi ve Etik ABD, Denizli, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Ethics. 2021;29(3):389-97
doi: 10.5336/mdethic.2021-83250
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Çalışanların, iş yerine ait olumlu ya da olumsuz algılarını ölçmeye yönelik araştırmalar son yıllarda önem kazanmıştır. Genel iş iklimi içinde etik içeriğe sahip olan uygulama ve süreçlere ilişkin algı 'etik iklim' algısını oluşturmaktadır. Etik iklim algısı başka insanlar açısından sonuçlar doğurabilecek kararlar verilirken, doğru alternatifi örgütün bakış açısına göre açıklamak olarak tanımlanmıştır. Bu araştırma Pamukkale Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi'nde görev yapan hekimlerin etik iklim algıları ve tükenmişlik düzeyleri arasında olan ilişkileri belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma Haziran-Ağustos 2019 tarihlerinde 249 hekimin katılımıyla gerçekleşmiştir. Veriler yüz yüze anket tekniği ile Sosyodemografik Bilgi Formu, Etik İklim Algısı Anketi ve Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler ile bağımsız gruplarda t-testi, Mann-Whitney U testi ve Kruskal-Wallis varyans analizi, Spearman korelasyon kullanılmış, p<0,05 istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edilmiştir. Katılımcılarımızın kurumlarına ait orta düzeyde bir etik iklim algısına sahip oldukları, öğretim üyesi olanların 'ilkelilik' ve 'yardımsever etik iklim' algılarının yüksek olduğu, personel sayısını yeterli bulanların daha çok 'yardımsever etik iklim' algısına sahip olduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca etik iklim algısı ve tükenmişlik puanları arasındaki ilişkiler incelendiğinde; duygusal tükenme ve duyarsızlaşma puanlarının egoist iklim, yardımsever iklim ve ilkelilik iklim puanları ile istatistiksel olarak anlamlı, pozitif yönde ve zayıf düzeyde ilişkiye sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kişisel başarı puanlarının ise egoist iklim, yardımsever iklim ve ilkelilik iklim puanları ile istatistiksel olarak anlamlı, negatif yönde ve zayıf düzeyde ilişkiye sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Algılanan etik iklim ve tükenmişlik ilişkisinin belirlenmesi, hekimlerin tükenmelerinin önüne geçme konusunda yöneticilere farklı bir bakış açısı sunacak ve sunulan sağlık hizmetinin kalitesini artıracaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Etik iklim; hekimler; tükenmişlik
ABSTRACT
 Studies to measure employees' positive or negative perceptions about the workplace have gained importance in recent years. The perception of practices and processes that have an ethical content in the general work climate creates/generates an 'ethical climate.' Ethical climate perception is defined as explaining the correct alternative according to the point of view of the organization when making decisions that may have consequences for other people. This research was conducted to determine the relationship between ethical climate perceptions and burnout levels of physicians working in Pamukkale University Medical Faculty Hospital. The research was conducted between June and August 2019 with the participation of 249 physicians. Data were collected using face-to-face questionnaire technique, Socio-Demographic Information Form, Ethical Climate Questionnaire and Maslach Burnout Scale. In the analysis of the data, descriptive statistics and independent samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal- Wallis variance analysis, Spearman correlation were used, p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. It was determined that our participants had a moderate perception of ethical climate of their institutions, that the faculty members had a high perception of 'principled ethical climate' and 'benevolent ethical climate', and those who found the number of staff sufficient had a higher 'benevolent ethical climate'. In addition/also, when the relationships between ethical climate perception and burnout scores are examined; it was determined that emotional exhaustion and depersonalization scores had a statistically significant, positive and weak relationship with egoistic climate, benevolent climate and principled climate scores. Determining the relationship between perceived ethical climate and burnout will provide managers with a different perspective on preventing physicians from burnout and will increase the quality of the health service.

Keywords: Ethical climate; physician; burnout
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