Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Ethics-Law and History

.: RESEARCH
Hekim Adaylarının Sophie'nin Seçimi Filminde Yer Alan Ahlaki İkilem Üzerine Görüşleri: Kalitatif Bir Araştırma
Physician Candidates' Views on the Moral Dilemma in Sophie's Choice Movie: A Qualitative Study
Oya ÖGENLERa, Mukadder GÜNb, Selda OKUYAZa
aMersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Tıp Tarihi ve Etik ABD, Mersin, Türkiye
bUfuk Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Tıp Tarihi ve Etik ABD, Ankara, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Ethics. 2022;30(2):151-61
doi: 10.5336/mdethic.2021-87506
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Çalışmanın amacı, Sophie'nin Seçimi filminde yer alan örnekteki ahlaki ikilemin tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinin etik farkındalıkları üzerine etkisini belirlemektir. İkincil olarak ise kullanılan film üzerinden etik eğitimi müfredatının geliştirmesine katkı sağlamaktır. Araştırmada 2020- 2021 eğitim ve öğretim yılında Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesinden 10 ve Ufuk Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesinden ise 9 toplam 19 öğrencinin final sınavları retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmada hekim adaylarına Sophie'nin Seçimi filminde yer alan gerçek bir ahlaki ikilem örneğine yönelik araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan açık uçlu 4 soru soruldu. Sorular sırasıyla 'Sophie neden kızını ölüme göndermiştir?', 'Nasıl hızlı karar verdi?, 'Ahlaken suçlu muydu?','Sophie seçim yapmayı reddedebilir miydi, etseydi kararını savunabilir miydi, bu seçim yüzünden suçlanır mıydı?' Yanıtlar içerik analizi yapılarak tematik olarak kodlanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde betimsel istatistiklerden yararlanılmıştır. Sophie'nin kızını neden ölüme gönderdiği sorulduğunda, öğrencilerin yaklaşık yarısı cinsiyete dayalı bir seçim yaptığını söyledi. 3 öğrenci 1'i kurtarmak için, 2 öğrenci de yaşa bağlı olduğunu belirtti.'Sophie seçim yapmayı reddedebilir miydi?' sorusuna, 10 öğrenci reddedebileceğini, 9 öğrenci reddedemeyeceğini, öğrencilerin çoğunluğu ret kararını savunamayacağını, yarıya yakın öğrenci ise ahlaken suçlanamayacağını belirtti. Öğrencilerin ahlaki sıkıntı, etik ikilem ve sorun konusunda farkındalıklarının olduğu, toplumsal cinsiyet konusunda geleneksel yapıya benzer görüş belirttikleri saptandı. Tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinin Sophie'nin Seçimi filminin tıp etiği eğitiminde kullanımıyla ahlaki sıkıntı, etik ikilem ve zor seçim konusunda etik farkındalıklarının artmasına ve toplumsal cinsiyet, cinsiyet ayrımcılığı gibi konularda geleneksel bakış açısının değişmesi yönünde olumlu katkısı olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bunun yanı sıra tıp etiği eğitimi müfredatının öğrencilerin etik farkındalıklarına yönelik geliştirilmesi önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Sophie'nin Seçimi; tıp etiği; ahlaki sıkıntı; zor seçim; etik ikilem
ABSTRACT
 The study aims to determine the effect of the moral dilemma in the example of the movie Sophie's Choice on the ethical awareness of medical school students. Secondly, it contributes to developing the ethics education curriculum through the film used. In the study, the final exams of 10 students from Mersin University Faculty of Medicine and 9 students from Ufuk University Faculty of Medicine in the 2020-2021 academic year were evaluated retrospectively. In the study, physician candidates were asked four open-ended questions prepared by the researchers. When asked why Sophie sent her daughter to death, about half of the students said that she made a choice based on gender, 3 students said that to save 1, and 2 students stated that based on age. To the question of 'Could Sophie refuse to choose?', 10 students stated that she could refuse, 9 students stated she could not refuse, most of the students stated that she could not defend the rejection decision, about half of the students stated that she would not be morally accused, and one student stated that no comment could be made. It is thought that the use of Sophie's Choice movie in medical ethics education of medical faculty students has a positive contribution to increase ethical awareness of moral dilemmas and difficult choices and to change the traditional perspective on issues such as gender and gender discrimination. In addition, it is important to develop the medical ethics education curriculum for students' ethical awareness.

Keywords: Sophie's Choice; medical ethics; moral distress, difficult choice, ethical dilemma
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