Turkiye Klinikleri Cardiovascular Sciences

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HBsAg Pozitif Kan Donörlerinde HDV'nin Serolojik ve Moleküler Yöntemler Kullanılarak Araştırılması
Investigation of HDV in Positive HBsAg Blood Donors by Serological and Molecular Methods
Sevim MEŞEa, Heval BİLEKa, Barış GÜLHANa, Kendal YALÇINa, Kadri GÜLa
aMikrobiyoloji AD, Dicle Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Elazığ
Turkiye Klinikleri J Cardiovasc Sci. 2009;21(2):198-202
Article Language: TR
Full Text
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Amaç: Hepatit delta virüsü (HDV) defektif bir RNA virüsü olup, replikasyon için hepatit B virüsüne (HBV) gereksinim duymaktadır. Bu nedenle HDV ancak HBV ile enfekte bireyler arasında bulaş gösterebilir. HDV, HBV gibi çoğunlukla kontamine kan ve kan ürünlerinin parenteral verilmesiyle daha az oranda vücut sıvıları ile yakın temas veya cinsel yolla bulaşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, HBsAg pozitifliği saptanan gönüllü kan donörlerinde serolojik ve moleküler yöntemlerle HDV'nin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada gönüllü kan donörlerinin taranması sonucu HBV yüzey antijen (HBsAg) pozitifliği saptanan 160 bireyde enzim immünoassay (EIA) yöntemi ile total anti-delta antikoru ve real time revers transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) yöntemi ile HDV-RNA araştırılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmanın sonucunda 4882 kan donöründe %3.28 (160/4882) oranında HBsAg pozitif olarak bulunmuştur. HBsAg pozitif 160 serum örneğinin 14 (%8.75)'ünde total anti-delta antikorları pozitif olarak saptanmıştır. Total anti-delta antikorları pozitif bulunan 14 örneğin sadece 2 (%14.29)'sinde HDV-RNA pozitifliği elde edilmiştir. Total anti-delta antikorları negatif örneklerin hiçbirinde HDV-RNA saptanmamıştır. Böylece tüm HBsAg pozitif donörler arasında HDV-RNA pozitifliğinin %1.25 (2/160) olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Bölgemizde HBV enfeksiyon prevalansının yüksek olması nedeni ile, HBsAg pozitif saptanan gönüllü kan donörlerinin aynı zamanda HDV enfeksiyonu yönünden de araştırılması uygun olacaktır. Serum örneklerinde serolojik yöntemler kullanılarak anti-delta antikorunun saptanması güvenli bir tanı için yeterli olabilir. Ancak gerçek viremiyi, oldukça duyarlı bir yöntem olan RT-PCR yöntemi kullanılarak serumda HDV-RNA'nın saptanmasıyla göstermek mümkündür.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Kan donörleri, hepatit B yüzey antijeni, hepatit delta virüsü, tanı
ABSTRACT
Objective: Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a defective RNA virus and it needs hepatitis B virus for replication. Thus, contamination of HDV is possible to people already infected by HBV. HDV can be transmitted mostly by blood and blood products and with a rather less ratio by body fluids or sexual contacts. In this study it has been aimed to explore HDV in blood donors, who was determined to have HBsAg positivity, using serological molecular methods. Material and Methods: In this study using Enzyme immunoassay (EIA) method total anti-Delta antibody and using real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method HDV RNA in 160 people who had HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity which was determined as a consequence of the scanning of the blood donors are investigated. Results: In 4882 scanned blood donors a ratio of 3.28% (160/4882) HBsAg positivity is obtained. In 14 (8.75%) of these 160 positive HBsAg serum sample total anti-delta antibodies are detected. Among these total 14 anti-delta antibody serums in only 2 (14.29%) of them HDV RNA positivity is detected. No any HDV-RNA is detected in negative total anti-delta samples. Therefore, the HDV-RNA positivity in all positive HBsAg donors is determined to be 1.25% (2/160). Conclusions: Since having high HBV infection prevalence in our region, it is important to explore HDV infection in blood donors who are determined as having positive HBsAg. Determination of anti-delta antibodies in serum samples using serological methods might be enough for a reliable diagnosis. However, the real-time PCR method, which is very sensitive and convenient method, can be used to detect HDV-RNA in serum samples.

Keywords: Blood donors; hepatitis B surface antigens; hepatitis delta virus; diagnosis

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30.03.2014

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