Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Hatalı Tıbbi Uygulama İddiası ile Açılan Davalarda Aydınlatılmış Onam ile İlgili Yargıtay Kararlarının Değerlendirilmesi: Kesitsel Araştırma
Evaluation of Supreme Court Decisions Regarding Informed Consent in Lawsuits Opened with Alleged Medical Malpractice: Cross-Sectional Research
Zeynep ŞEKERa, Toygün Anıl ÖZESENb, Kenan KAYAa, Necmi ÇEKİNa
aÇukurova Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Adli Tıp ABD, Adana, Türkiye
bÇukurova Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Balcalı Sağlık Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi, Adli Tıp ABD, Adana, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Foren Sci Leg Med. 2023;20(1):11-23
doi: 10.5336/forensic.2022-93835
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Hekimin tanı ve tedavi sürecinde hastayı meydana gelebilecek komplikasyonlar hakkında bilgilendirmemesi, gerçekleştirilecek tıbbi müdahaleyi hukuka aykırı hale getirmektedir. Bu nedenle özellikle cerrahi ve girişimsel uygulamaların gerçekleştirileceği işlemlerde, hekimin hastayı bilgilendirmesi ve tıbbi uygulama için rızasını alması önemlidir. Bu çalışma ile sağlık profesyonellerinin karşılaştıkları hatalı tıbbi uygulama iddialarını belirlemek ve günlük uygulamalarda karşılaşılabilecek sorunların giderilmesine katkı sağlamak amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmamızda; aydınlatılmış onam formundaki eksiklik ya da onam formunun olmamasına bağlı hatalı tıbbi uygulama iddiaları ile ilgili Yargıtay Mahkemelerine intikal etmiş ve 2006 ile 2019 yılları arasında karara bağlanmış dosyalardan çalışmamız için belirlediğimiz koşullara uygun olan 76 karar incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Dosyaların 70'i hukuk, 6'sı ceza davasıdır. Aydınlatılmış onam ile ilgili Yargıtay Mahkemelerince verilen kararlardan 69'unun (%90,8) hekimler hakkında, 7'sinin (%9,2) hemşire/yardımcı sağlık personeli aleyhine açılmış olduğu görülmüştür. Dava edilen uzmanlık branşlarının en sık cerrahi branşlar (%77,6) olduğu, cerrahi branşlar içerisinde ise en sık plastik ve rekonstrüktif cerrahi ardından genel cerrahi branşlarının olduğu görüldü. Sonuç: Sağlık alanı profesyonelleri, hatalı tıbbi uygulama iddialarının önüne geçebilmek için mesleki bilgi ve tecrübelerini geliştirmeli, hasta ile etkili iletişim kurmalıdır. Ayrıca sağlık çalışanlarına hürriyeti bağlayıcı ya da meslekten men cezası yerine mesleki uygulamaları ile ilgili tedbirlerin getirildiği, kusur ve komplikasyon kavramlarının ayrıntılı tanımlandığı bir hatalı tıbbi uygulama yasasına ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Yargıtay kararları; aydınlatılmış onam; hatalı tıbbi uygulama; tıp hukuku
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The failure of the physician to inform the patient about the complications during the diagnosis and treatment process makes the medical intervention unlawful. For this reason, it is important for the physician to inform the patient and obtain his / her consent, especially in surgical and interventional procedures. It is aimed to determine the claims faced by medical professionals and to contribute to the elimination of these problems in practice. Material and Methods: Medical malpractice claims related to the lack of informed consent form or lack of consent form were submitted to the Court of Cassation, 76 decisions, which are in accordance with the conditions we have determined for our study, were examined from the files that were decided between 2006-2019. Results: While 70 of these decisions are lawsuits, 6 of them are criminal proceedings. In the Supreme Court decisions regarding the informed consent, it was observed that 69 (90.8%) of the appealed decisions were about physicians and 7 (9.2%) were filed against physicians and nurses/auxiliary health personnel. It has been determined that the fields of expertise that have been sued are mostly surgical branches (77.6%), the most frequently sued physicians among the surgical branches are plastic surgery specialists, and general surgery specialists are the second. Conclusion: Healthcare professionals should develop their professional knowledge and experience and communicate effectively with the patient in order to prevent malpractice claims. There is a need for a medical malpractice law in which the concepts of defect and complication are defined in detail.

Keywords: Supreme court decisions; informed consent; medical malpractice; medical law
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