Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Ethics-Law and History

.: RESEARCH
Hastaların Hasta Mahremiyeti Hakkında Farkındalık ve Tutumları
Awareness and Attitude of Patients about Patient Privacy
Sedat BOSTANa, Cihan UNALb
aSağlık Yönetimi Bölümü, Ordu Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Ordu, TÜRKİYE
bSağlık Yönetimi Bölümü, Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Gümüşhane, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Ethics. 2019;27(3):239-49
doi: 10.5336/mdethic.2019-66210
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
Hastaların mahremiyetine saygılı olmak etik, ahlaki ve toplumsal sorumluluk olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu konuda toplumun farkındalık seviyesi ve tutumları, aldıkları sağlık hizmetlerinde mahremiyet haklarına sahip çıkması ve hizmet alan diğer bireylerin mahremiyetine saygı gösterebilmesi bakımından önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, hastaların hasta mahremiyeti hakkında farkındalık düzeylerini, mahremiyeti nasıl tanımladıklarını ve sağlık hizmeti alım sürecinde karşılaştıkları mahremiyet ihlallerini ne kadar algılayabildiklerini araştırmaktır. Araştırma, amacına yönelik olarak kolayda örnekleme yöntemi seçilerek yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini, Iğdır ve Aksaray illerinde faaliyet gösteren sağlık kuruluşlarına başvuran 20 yaş ve üstü 400 birey oluşturmaktadır. Hasta mahremiyeti farkındalık ve tutum ölçeği ilgili literatür taraması ve uzman görüşü alındıktan sonra araştırmacı Bostan (2017) tarafından geliştirilmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre ölçek ifadeleri beş faktör altında toplanmış ve toplam varyansın %46,498'ini açıklamıştır. Hastaların ilkesel düzeyde mahremiyet farkındalıkları yüksektir. Tıbbi müdahale süreçlerinde mahremiyet ihlalini tanımlama ve algılamada zorlanmaktadırlar. Günlük sağlık hizmeti alma süreçlerinde önemli ölçüde mahremiyet ihlali yaşanmaktadır. Hastalar devlet hastanelerinde, acil, yoğun bakım ve ameliyathanelerde mahremiyet ihlalinin daha çok yaşandığını belirtmektedir. Mahremiyet farkındalığı toplumsal bir genel kültür sorunudur. Nispeten sosyal statü ve genel kültür açısından daha iyi tanımlanabilecek, şehirli, eğitimli, memur, orta gelir grubu kişilerin farkındalıkları daha yüksektir. Farkındalığı artırmak toplumsal gelişim sürecinin bir parçasıdır. Ama yine de kamu spotları gibi eğitim araçlarıyla yapılacak yaygın eğitim bilinci ve farkındalığı geliştirebilir. Sorunun toplumsal bilinç düzeyi ile ilişkili olduğu bilinmelidir. Çözümün, bunu göz ardı etmeden, sağlık sistemi tasarımı ve yönetimi düzeyinde ele alınması önerilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Mahremiyet; hasta; farkındalık; tutum
ABSTRACT
Respect for the privacy of patients emerges as ethical, moral and social responsibility. The level of awareness and attitudes of the society in this regard is important in terms of respecting the privacy rights of the health services they receive and respecting the privacy of other individuals who receive services. The aim of this study is to investigate their awareness about patient privacy, how they define privacy and how they perceive privacy violations in health care procurement process. For the purpose of the research, easy sampling method was chosen. The sample of the study consists of 400 individuals aged 20 years and older who apply to health institutions operating in Iğdır and Aksaray. Patient privacy awareness and attitude scale was developed by the researcher Bostan (2017) after reviewing the relevant literature and obtaining expert opinion. According to the research findings, the scale expressions were collected under five factors and 46,498% of the total variance was explained. Patients have high awareness of privacy at the principal level. They find it difficult to identify and perceive the violation of privacy in medical intervention processes. There is a significant violation of confidentiality in the daily health services. The patients state that the violation of privacy in public hospitals, emergency, intensive care and operating rooms is more frequent. Privacy awareness is a social general culture problem. Individuals with urban, educated, civil servants, and middle-income groups are more aware of the social status and general culture. Increasing awareness is part of the social development process. Nevertheless, it can improve the awareness and awareness of non-formal education through public education tools. It should be known that the problem is related to the level of social consciousness. It is recommended to address the solution at the level of health system design and management.

Keywords: Privacy; patient; awareness; attitude
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30.03.2014

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