Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Hasta ve Hasta Yakınlarının El Yıkama Konusundaki Bilgi ve Tutumlarının Belirlenmesi
Determination of Knowledge and Attitudes of Patient and Patient Relatives About Hand Washing
Gül BÜLBÜL MARAŞa, Şükran KÖSEb, Elem KOCAÇALc
aİzmir Demokrasi Üniversitesi Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu, Yaşlı Bakım Programı, İzmir, TÜRKİYE
bSağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Tepecik Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları Kliniği, İzmir,TÜRKİYE
cİzmir Demokrasi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, Hemşirelik Esasları ABD, İzmir, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2020;12(4):511-9
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2019-72747
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu araştırma, hastanede yatan hasta ve hasta yakınlarının sağlık çalışanlarının el yıkama davranışı ile ilgili bilgi ve tutumlarını belirlemek amacıyla planlanmıştır. Araştırmanın ikincil hedefleri ise sağlık hizmetlerinin yürütülmesi sırasında hasta ve hasta yakınlarının el yıkama uygulamalarına katılmaya gönüllülük durumu ve el yıkamaya yönelik tutumları ile hastane, doktor ve hemşire seçimleri arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı türdeki araştırmanın örneklemini 2014-2015 yılları arasında araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden hasta ve hasta yakınları (n=245) oluşturmuştur. Araştırma verileri, etik kurul izni alındıktan sonra hasta/hasta yakınlarının tanıtıcı özellikleri ile el yıkamaya ilişkin bilgi ve tutumları değerlendiren toplam 37 soruluk anket formu ile yüz yüze görüşme tekniği ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizi ortalama ve yüzdelik hesaplamalar kullanılarak yapıldı. Bulgular: Hasta ve hasta yakınlarının 192 (%78,4)'si, hastane enfeksiyonları konusunda bilgisi olduğunu ve günlük yaşamlarında el yıkama/el hijyeninin her zaman çok önemli olduğunu rapor etmiştir. Hasta/hasta yakınlarının 178 (%74,5)'i hastanede yattıkları süre boyunca ellerini yıkama konusunda herhangi bir engelle karşılaşmadığını belirtirken, 159 (%64,9)'u sağlık çalışanlarının görüş alanı içinde ellerini yıkamasını istediğini ifade etmiştir. Hasta ve hasta yakınlarının 157 (%64,1)'si el hijyenini gerçekleştirmeyen sağlık çalışanına el hijyenini hatırlatmak istediğini belirtmiştir. Hasta/hasta yakınlarından 144 (%58,8)'ü sağlık çalışanlarının el yıkama davranışlarının doktor, 151 (%61,6)'i hemşire ve 160 (%65,3)'ı hastane seçimlerinde etkili olduğunu bildirmiştir. Sonuç: Araştırma bulgularına göre; çoğu hasta/hasta yakınının günlük yaşamında el hijyenini önemli bulduklarını saptadık. Sağlık çalışanlarının el yıkama endikasyonları ile ilgili bilgisinin yüksek düzeyde olduğunu ve sağlık çalışanlarının el yıkama davranışını önemsediklerini ortaya koyduk. Hasta/hasta yakınlarının, sağlık ekibi üyelerinin el hijyeni davranışları konusundaki görüş ve tutumlarını belirlemeye yönelik farklı ve geniş örneklemlerle yürütülecek araştırmalar yapılması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Hastalar; el hijyeni; bilgi, tutum
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge and attitudes of hospitalized patients and their relatives about the hand hygiene behavior of health care workers. The secondary objectives of the research are; to determine the volunteering status of the patient and patient relatives' and the relationship between and attitudes towards handwashing during the delivery of health services and the choices of hospital, doctor and nurse. Material and Methods: The sample of the descriptive study consisted of patients and their relatives (n=245) who accepted to participate in the study between 2014-2015. After obtaining the approval of the ethics committee, the data were collected through a faceto-face interview with a 37-item questionnaire, which evaluates the demographic characteristics of the patient/patient's relatives and the knowledge and attitudes of hand hygiene. Data were analyzed using mean and percentage calculations. Results: It was determined that 192 (78.4%) of the patient/patient's relatives reported that they had knowledge about nosocomial infections and that hand washing is always very important in their daily lives. It was found that 178 (74.5%) of the patients and relatives stated that they did not encounter any obstacles to washing their hands during their stay in hospital; 159 (64.9%) stated that they wanted health care workers to wash their hands within the field of view. Of the patient/patient's relatives 157 (64.1%) stated that they wanted to remind the health care worker who did not perform hand hygiene. In the study, 144 (58.8%) of the patient/patient relatives reported that the hand washing behaviors of healthcare workers were effective in the selection of physicians, 151 (61.6%) nurses and 160 (65.3%) in hospital choices. Conclusion: According to the research findings; we revealed that most of the patients/relatives consider hand hygiene important in their daily lives. In addition, we found that they have a high level of knowledge about the indications of handwashing of health workers and care about handwashing behavior of health workers. It is recommended to conduct studies with different and larger samples to determine the opinions and attitudes of the health care members about hand hygiene behaviors of patient/patient relatives.

Keywords: Patients; hand hygiene; knowledge; attitude
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