Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Ophthalmology

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Göz Hastalıkları Açısından Askerliğe Elverişsiz Olduğu Kararı Verilen Yükümlülerin Etiyolojik Değerlendirmesi: Kesitsel Araştırma
Evaluation of the Etiology of Being Inconvenient to Military Service Decisions Owing to Ophthalmologic Diseases Among Young Candidates: Cross-sectional Research
Melek MUTLU SÖNMEZa, Elif ERTANa
aGaziosmanpaşa Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Göz Hastalıkları Kliniği, İstanbul, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Ophthalmol. 2021;30(3):191-5
doi: 10.5336/ophthal.2020-80854
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Çalışmamızda, göz hastalıkları açısından askerliğe elverişli olmadığı kararı verilen askerlik çağındaki genç erkeklerin elverişsizlik kararlarının, etiyolojik açıdan değerlendirilip gruplandırılması ve önlenebilir nedenlerin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Gaziosmanpaşa Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesine, Ocak 2018 ve Temmuz 2020 tarihleri arasında askere alım muayenesi için başvurup, 'askerliğe elverişli değildir' kararı verilen 384 olgunun heyet dosyaları retrospektif olarak tarandı. Olguların refraksiyon kusurları, ön ve arka segment muayeneleri, medikal, cerrahi ve aile öyküleri sorgulandı. Olgular, elverişsizlik kararlarının etiyolojisine göre refraktif kusurlar ve ambliyopi, travma, herediter, konjenital, dejeneratif ve enfeksiyöz-inflamatuar nedenler olarak gruplandırıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya dâhil edilen olguların yaş ortalaması 23,12±3,46 (19- 39) yıl idi. Askerliğe elverişsizlik kararı verilen olgularda, en sık neden olarak refraksiyon kusurları ve ambliyopi (n=241, %62) yer almakta idi. Refraksiyon kusurları arasında en sık hipermetropik astigmatizma tespit edildi (n=81, %33). Bu grubu oluşturan olguların 47'si (%19,5) anizometropik ambliyopi, 36'sı (%15) ise strabismusa bağlı ambliyopi nedeniyle elverişsizlik kararı aldı. Refraksiyon kusuru ve ambliyopik nedenleri sırasıyla konjenital (n=36, %10), travmatik (n=31, %8), enfeksiyoz-inflamatuar (n=29, %7,5), dejeneratif (n=26, %7) ve herediter (n=21, %5,5) nedenler izlemekte idi. Sonuç: Askerlik çağındaki genç erkeklerde, en sık refraksiyon kusurları ve ambliyopi askerliğe elverişsizlik nedenidir. Erken tanı, uygun yaklaşım ve düzenli takip ile üretken yaştaki gençlerin çalışma gücü kaybı aza indirilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Görme bozuklukları; refraksiyon; askerî personel
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The aim of the study is to evaluate the etiologies of the decisions of inconvenient to military service that given to young men at draft age and indicate the classification of the diseases and analyze the preventable causes. Material and Methods: Medical records of 384 cases who were decided to inconvenient to military service referred to Gaziosmanpaşa Education and Training Hospital between January 2018-July 2020 for health examination were examined retrospectively. Anterior and posterior segment findings, medical, surgical and family histories of the cases were noted. The cases were grouped as refractive errors and amblyopia, trauma, hereditary, congenital, degenerative and infectious-inflammatory groups according to etiologies of the decisions of inconvenient to military service. Results: The mean age of the study group was 23.12±3.46 years (19-39). Refractive errors and amblyopia was the most common cause for being inconvenient to military service (n=241, 62%). Most common refractive error was hyperopic astigmatism (n=81, 33%). Anisometropic amblyopia was seen in 47 (19.5%) of the cases and strabismic amblyopia was seen in 36 (15%) of the cases. Congenital (n=36, 10%), traumatic (n=31, 8%), infection-inflammatory (n=29, 7.5%), degenerative (n=26, 7%) and hereditary causes (n=21, 5.5%) were the other causes respectively. Conclusion: In draft age young males the most common reason for being inconvenient to military service was refractive errors and amblyopia. Early diagnosis and proper approach and regular follow-up can decrease incapacity to work in youth in productive age.

Keywords: Vision disorders; refraction; military personnel
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