Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

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Gezegen Sağlığının Gelişimi İçin Hemşirelik Bakımında Sürdürülebirliğe 5N1K Tekniği ile Bakış: Geleneksel Derleme
5W1H Perspective to Sustainability in Nursing Care for the Development of Planetary Health: A Traditional Review
Nagihan İLASLANa
aDüzce Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, Hemşirelik Esasları ABD, Düzce, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2023;15(3):852-9
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2023-96056
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Gezegen sağlığı, tüm canlıların birlikte yaşadığı ekosistemin politik, ekonomik, sosyal ve doğal sistemlerine özen gösterilerek en yüksek sağlık, refah ve eşitlik standardına ulaşmak olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Gezegen sağlığını tehdit eden iklim değişikliği, en büyük küresel sağlık problemi olarak kabul edilmekte olup; iklim değişikliğinin en büyük nedeni, gezegen üzerinde yaşayan insanın yaşam gereksinimleri ve bu gereksinimleri karşılama biçimidir. İnsanın temel yaşam gereksinimlerinden biri olan sağlık bakım ihtiyacı ise emek ve çeşitli kaynakların en yoğun kullanıldığı sektörlerin başında gelmekte olup, döngüsel bir yapı içerisinde insan sağlığını geliştirmeye odaklanırken, gezegen sağlığını olumsuz etkileyebilmektedir. Odak noktasına bakımı alarak zarar vermeme ilkesi ile uygulamalarını gerçekleştiren hemşireler ise bu döngünün hem insan hem de gezegen sağlığını koruyup geliştirecek şekilde kırılmasında önemli konumdadır. Dolayısıyla kaynakları gelecekteki sağlık ve esenliğe zarar vermeyecek şekilde kullanan sağlık hizmetlerini tasarlamak ve sunmak şeklinde tanımlanan hemşirelik bakımındaki sürdürülebilirlik vurgulanmaktadır. Bu nedenle hemşirelik bakımı, sürdürülebilirlik bakış açısı ile yeniden şekillenmeli ve sürdürülebilirlik hemşirelik eğitimine entegre edilerek konu ile ilgili bilgi, beceri ve farkındalığı yüksek hemşireler yetiştirilmelidir. Derlemenin amacı, hemşirelik bakımında sürdürülebilirliği literatür doğrultusunda ne, nerede, ne zaman, neden, nasıl ve kim sorularından köken alan ve kök nedene inerek problemlerin kapsamlı ve net olarak analiz edilmesini sağlayan 5N1K tekniği ile inceleyerek, çıkarımlarda ve önerilerde bulunmaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Gezegen sağlığı; hemşirelik bakımı; iklim değişikliği; sürdürülebilirlik; 5N1K tekniği
ABSTRACT
 Planetary health is defined as reaching the highest standard of health, welfare and equality by paying attention to the political, economic, social and natural systems of the ecosystem. Climate change, which threatens the health of the planet, is defined as the biggest global health problem. The biggest cause of climate change is the life needs of the people living on the planet and the ways they meet these needs. Health care need, which is one of the basic life needs of people, is one of the sectors where labor and resources are used most intensively, and it can negatively affect the health of the planet while focusing on improving human health in a cyclic structure. Nurses, who carry out their practices with the principle of not harming by taking care at the focal point, in an important position in breaking this cycle in a way that protects and improves both human and planetary health. Therefore, sustainability in nursing care, which is defined as designing and delivering health services that use resources in a way that does not harm future health and well-being, is emphasized. For this reason, nursing care should be reshaped with a sustainability perspective and nurses with high knowledge and awareness should be trained by integrating sustainability into nursing education. The aim of this review is to examine sustainability in nursing care with the 5W1K technique in line with the literature and to make inferences and suggestions.

Keywords: Planetary health; nursing care; climate change; sustainability; 5W1H technique
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