Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Futbolcuların Saha Temelli Performans Testleri ve Resmi Maç Performansları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Examining the Relationship Between Field-based Performance Tests and Official Match Performance of Football Players
Zeki AKYILDIZa, Yücel OCAKa
aAfyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Öğretmenliği Bölümü, Afyonkarahisar, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Sports Sci. 2021;13(1):56-63
doi: 10.5336/sportsci.2020-75140
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, futbolcularda saha temelli performans testleriyle resmi müsabakalardan elde edilen fizyolojik ve kinematik parametreler arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya, 32 erkek futbol oyuncusuyla (Yaş: 21,85± 2,88 yıl, boy: 177,10±8,03 cm, vücut ağırlığı: 72,40±8,98) başlanmış ancak 12 oyuncu testler ve müsabakalar esnasında dâhil edilme kriterlerini sağlayamadıkları için çalışma 20 erkek futbol oyuncusu ile tamamlanmıştır. Katılımcıların saha temelli performanslarının belirlenebilmesi için Yo-Yo 1 Aralıklı Toparlanma Testi (Yo-Yo 1 ATT) ve Koşu Temelli Anaerobik Sprint Testi (KTAST) uygulanmıştır. Performans testlerinden sonraki 3 hafta içerisinde, haftada 1 gün yapılan resmi futbol müsabakalarında katılımcıların GPS destekli saha takip cihazıyla, kinematik ve fizyolojik parametreleri alınmıştır. Farklı hız aralıklarında kat edilen mesafeler kinematik, kalp atım hızlarında geçirilen süreler fizyolojik performansları olarak belirlenmiştir. Yapılan çalışmada, katılımcılara dair tanımlayıcı istatistik olarak, fizyolojik ve kinematik parametrelerin ortalama ve standart sapma değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Verilerin normallikleri Shapiro-Wilk testiyle sınanmış ve normal dağılmadıkları tespit edilmiştir. Kinematik ve fizyolojik parametreler arasındaki ilişki normal dağılım göstermeyen veriler için kullanılan Spearman korelasyon katsayısı kullanılarak hesaplanmıştır. Müsabakalar arasındaki tutarlılık seviyesinin ölçümü için sınıf içi korelasyon katsayısı hesaplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde, SPSS paket programı kullanılarak ilişkilendirmelerde anlamlılık seviyesi 0,05 olarak belirlenmiştir. Bulgular: Yo-Yo 1 ATT testinde kat edilen mesafe ve toplam kat edilen mesafe değişkenleri arasında orta düzeyde pozitif yönlü (r=0,408) istatistiksel olarak anlamlı (p=0,042) bir ilişki tespit edildi. Sonuç: Çalışmamızda, Yo-Yo1 ATT mesafeleri ve müsabakada kat edilen toplam mesafeler dışında performans testleriyle, resmi müsabaka performansı arasında ilişkinin olmadığı saptanmıştır. Performans testleri ve maç performansı arasında ilişki olmamasının nedeni olarak futbol oyununun yapısı gereği müsabaka ortamının birçok ani fizyolojik ve kinematik değişkenlikler içermesinden kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: GPS; fizyolojik testler; kinematik testler
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between physiological and kinematic parameters obtained in the official competitions with physiological performance tests. Material and Methods: The study started with 32 male football players (Age: 21.85±2.88 years, height: 177.10±8.03 cm, body weight: 72.40±8.98), but the players did not meet the inclusion criteria during tests and competitions. The parameters of 20 male football players were included in the study and evaluated statistically. Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 and Running-Based Anaerobic Sprint Test were applied to determine the physiological performances of the participants. In the official football competitions held once a week within 3 weeks after the performance tests, the kinematic and physiological parameters of the participants were taken with the GPS supported field tracking device. Distances covered in different speed ranges are determined as kinematics, and times spent in heart rates are determined as physiological performances. In the study, the mean and standard deviation variables of physiological and kinematic parameters were calculated as descriptive statistics about the participants. The normality of the data was tested by ShapiroWilk test and it was determined that they were not normally distributed. The relationship between kinematic and physiological parameters was calculated using the spearman- correlation coefficient used for data that did not show normal distribution. In order to measure the consistency between competitions, intraclass correlation coefficient was calculated. In the evaluation of the data, the significance level in the associations was determined as 0.05 using the SPSS package program. Results: In the Yo-Yo 1 ATT test, a moderately positive (r=0.408) statistically significant (p=0.042) relationship was found between the distance covered and the total distance covered variables. Conclusion: In our study, it was found that there was no relationship between performance tests and competition performance. The reason for the lack of a relationship between performance tests and match performance is thought to be due to the fact that the competition environment contains many sudden physiological and kinematic variations due to the nature of the football game.

Keywords: GPS; physio logical tests; kinematic tests
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