Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Fear of COVID-19, Self-Efficacy, and Well-Being of Nursing Students: A Multicenter, Web-Based, Correlational Study
Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinde COVID-19 Korkusu, Öz-Etkililik ve İyilik Hâli: Çok Merkezli, Web Tabanlı, Korelasyonel Bir Çalışma
Zehra GÖK METİNa , Nur İZGÜa , Merve GÜLBAHAR ERENb , Beyza ERDEMSOY KARAHANc
aHacettepe University Faculty of Nursing, Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Ankara, Türkiye
bSakarya University Faculty of Health Science, Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Sakarya, Türkiye
cAnkara University Faculty of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Ankara, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2024;16(2):450-9
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2023-98357
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: To investigate the relationship between coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) fear, perceived self-efficacy, and well-being among nursing students. Material and Methods: A multicenter, web-based, and correlational design was used. The survey contained four sections including student information form, the fear of COVID-19, the general self-efficacy, and the flourishing scales, and was available for nursing students receiving education in nursing faculties/departments in Türkiye from March 16 to May 15, 2021. The data were analyzed using an independent sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance, correlation analysis, and the structural equation model. Results: A total of 1,028 nursing students participated. The participants reported a moderate COVID-19 fear, self-efficacy, and well-being. COVID-19 fear, self-efficacy, and well-being were significantly higher in females, those in private universities, and received face-to-face clinical training during the pandemic. In addition, females, older ones, who were in the fourth year, continued private schools, received face-toface clinical training, and felt professionally competent reported greater well-being. Increased COVID-19 fear was associated with decreased self-efficacy. While the COVID-19 fear explained 0.9% of the variance in self-efficacy, it did not explain the change in variance of well-being. Conclusion: As the COVID-19 fear, perceived self-efficacy, and wellbeing may change based on multiple factors, further studies may focus on these variations, such as sociodemographic characteristics, and educational and clinical/laboratory facilities. Comprehensive support programs for students should be initiated in nursing institutions during the outbreak.

Keywords: COVID-19; fear; nursing education; self-efficacy; well-being
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu araştırma, hemşirelik öğrencilerinde koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 [coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)] korkusu, algılanan öz-etkililik ve iyilik hâli arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çok merkezli, web-tabanlı ve korelasyonel araştırma tasarımı kullanılmıştır. Dört bölümden oluşan anket formu, öğrenci bilgi formunu, COVID-19 korkusu, genel öz-etkililik ve iyilik hâli ölçeklerini içermekte olup, Türkiye'de hemşirelik fakülteleri/bölümlerinde eğitim alan öğrencilerin erişimine 16 Mart-15 Mayıs 2021 tarihleri arasında açık tutulmuştur. Araştırma verileri, bağımsız örneklem t-testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi, korelasyon analizi ve yapısal eşitlik modeli kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Araştırmaya toplam 1.028 öğrenci katılmıştır. Katılımcıların COVID-19 korku, öz-etkililik ve iyilik hâli durumlarının orta düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kadınlarda, özel üniversitede öğrenim gören ve pandemi sırasında yüz yüze klinik eğitim alanlarda COVID-19 korku, öz-etkililik ve iyilik hâli ölçek puanları anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulunmuştur. Ayrıca kadın, yaşı büyük olan, dördüncü sınıfta olan, özel üniversitede eğitime devam eden, yüz yüze klinik eğitim alan ve profesyonel açıdan yetkinliği yüksek olan öğrenciler iyilik hâlinin daha yüksek olduğunu bildirmiştir. COVID-19 korkusu arttıkça öz-etkililik düzeyinin düştüğü belirlenmiştir. COVID-19 korkusunun öz-etkililik ölçeği toplam puanlarındaki varyansın %0,9'unu açıkladığı, iyilik hâli toplam puanları varyansı üzerine etkili olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: COVID-19 korkusu, öz-etkililik ve iyilik hâli birçok faktöre bağlı değişim gösterdiğinden ileri araştırmaların sosyodemografik özellikler, eğitim ve klinik/laboratuvar imkânları gibi etkili olabilecek başka faktörleri incelemesi önerilebilir. Hemşirelik eğitimi veren kurumlarda salgın durumlarında öğrenciler için kapsamlı destek programları başlatılmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: COVID-19; korku; hemşirelik eğitimi; öz-etkililik; iyilik hâli
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