Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Farklı Adli Biyolojik Örnekler Üzerinde Gelişen Mantar Türleri ile İlgili Bazı Doğal Ekstraktların Antifungal Etkileri: Deneysel Çalışmalar
Antifungal Effects of Some Natural Extracts on Fungal Species Belonging to Different Forensic Biological Samples: Experimental Studies
Hüseyin AVCIa, Şahlan ÖZTÜRKb, Belma ASLIMc
aNevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Çevre Mühendisliği ABD, Nevşehir, TÜRKİYE
bNevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi, Çevre Mühendisliği Bölümü, Nevşehir, TÜRKİYE
cGazi Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi, Biyoloji Bölümü, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Foren Sci Leg Med. 2021;18(3):215-25
doi: 10.5336/forensic.2021-82250
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışmada, İstanbul Kriminal Polis Laboratuvarı Müdürlüğüne gönderilen biyolojik materyaller üzerinden delil bütünlüğüne herhangi bir zarar vermeyecek şekilde alınan örneklerden izole edilerek tanımlanan mantar izolatları üzerinde bazı bitkilere ait ekstraktlar uygulanarak, bu bitkilerin antifungal etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Farklı biyolojik örneklerden elde edilen izolatlar, ileri mikrobiyolojik tanı yöntemleri (API ve matriks aracılı lazer desorpsiyon/iyonizasyon-uçuş zamanı-kütle spektrometresi) ile tanımlanmıştır. Bu izolatların ticari bir antifungal olan Oceral'a karşı dirençlilik durumları, agar kuyucuk difüzyon metodu ile belirlenmiştir. Oceral'a direnç gösteren izolatlar üzerinde ülkemizde doğal olarak yetişen Cotinus coggygria, Tanacetum albipannosum, Lavandula stoechas, Juglans regia ve Hibiscus sabdariffa bitki ekstraktlarının, agar kuyucuk yöntemiyle antifungal etkileri çalışılmış ve en etkili bitki ekstraktları tespit edilmiştir. Bulgular: Tanımlama sonucuna göre 40 izolatın %82,5'i Cryptococcus laurentii, %10'u Candida guilliermondii, %5'i Candida albicans ve %2,5'i Candida tropicalis olarak tespit edilmiştir. Oceral'a karşı en çok direnç gösteren izolatların sırasıyla C. laurentii H-40, C. albicans H-27, C. laurentii H-39, C. laurentii H-9, C. laurentii H-16 ve C. guilliermondii H-32 olduğu saptanmıştır. C. coggygria, T. albipannosum ile L. stoechas bitki ekstraktlarının, Oceral'dan daha fazla etki gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışma ile pütrifiye olmuş kanlı biyolojik materyaller üzerinden en fazla izole edilen tür C. laurentii olmuştur. Kullanılan bitki ekstraktlarının, Oceral'a nazaran yüksek derecede antifungal etki ettiği saptanmıştır. Bu çalışma ile ciddi yan etkilere sahip olan kimyasal antifungal ilaçlara alternatif olarak yan etkisi düşük, doğal bir ürünün kullanımı önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Olay yeri; kriminalistik; Candida; Cryptococcus; antifungal etki
ABSTRACT
 Objective: In this study, it was aimed to investigate the antifungal effects of some plants against to yeasts isolated from the samples taken from the biological materials sent to the İstanbul Criminal Police Laboratory Directorate without causing any damage to the integrity of the evidence. Material and Methods: Isolates obtained from different biological samples were identified by advanced microbiological identification methods (API and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry). Resistance of the isolates to Oceral, was determined by agar well diffusion method. The antifungal activity of plant extracts which naturally grown in our country such as Cotinus coggygria, Tanacetum albipannosum, Lavandula stoechas, Juglans regia and Hibiscus sabdariffa were examined on the resistant isolates by agar well diffusion method and the most effective plant extracts were detected. Results: According to identification 82.5% of isolates are Cryptococcus laurentii, 10% Candida guilliermondii, 5% Candida albicans and 2.5% Candida tropicalis. It was determined that isolates having more resistance to Oceral are C. laurentii H-40, C. albicans H-27, C. laurentii H-39, C. laurentii H-9, C. laurentii H-16 and C. guilliermondii H-32, respectively. It was determined that C. coggygria, T. albipannosum and L. stoechas plant extracts have higher antifungal activity on resistant isolates than Oceral. Conclusion: This study confirmed that most isolated species from putrified bloody biological materials is determined as C. laurentii. The plant extracts were found to have a higher antifungal effect compared to Oceral. This study suggests the use of a natural product with low side effects as an alternative to chemical antifungal drugs that have serious side effects.

Keywords: Crime scene; criminalistics; Candida; Cryptococcus; antifungal effect
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