Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Evaluation of Various Anatomical Features in Human Mandibular and Maxillary Molar Roots in the Northern Anatolian Population
Kuzey Anadolu Populasyonunda İnsan Mandibular Molar Köklerinin Çeşitli Anatomik Özelliklerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Evren SARIYILMAZa, Ali Çağın YÜCELb
aOrdu University Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Ordu, TURKEY
bGiresun University Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Giresun, TURKEY
Turkiye Klinikleri J Dental Sci. 2020;26(2):201-11
doi: 10.5336/dentalsci.2019-70323
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: To examine the root apical morphology of human maxillary and mandibular first and second molars in the northern Anatolian population. Material and Methods: A total of 2140 human maxillary and mandibular first and second molars were investigated using a computer-aided stereomicroscope with 80X magnification. The following observations were made: count of apical foramina, the shape and the widest and the narrowest diameters of apical foramina, accessory foramina frequency, the location of apical foramina on the root surface and the distance between the anatomical apex and apical foramina. Results: The most frequently observed shape among the minor apical foramina was oval. Both maxillary and mandibular molar roots had a maximum of two minor apical foramina. The mean narrowest and widest diameters of the apical foramina of all roots of maxillary molars ranged from 186.77 to 364.79 μm and 223.98 to 453.42 μm, respectively. The mean narrowest and widest diameters of the apical foramina of all roots of mandibular molars ranged from 178.79 to 309.20 μm and 209.79 to 419.55 μm, respectively. Frequency of accessory foramina ranged between 2.5% and 53.33% for the roots of maxillary molars, whereas the frequencies ranged from 14.29% to 44.12% for the roots of mandibular molars. The mean distance between the anatomical apex and apical foramina ranged from 357.88 to 626.391 μm for the roots of maxillary molars, while it ranged from 392.69 to 1126.36 μm for mandibular molars. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that anatomic features of the root apical region are highly complex among the investigated population.

Keywords: Apical foramen; anatomy; molar; tooth apex; tooth root
ÖZET
 Amaç: Kuzey Anadolu popülasyonunda insan maksillar ve mandibular birinci ve ikinci molar dişlerin apikal kök morfolojisinin incelenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Toplam 2140 maksillar ve mandibular birinci ve ikinci insan molar dişi 80X büyütmede bilgisayar destekli stereomikroskop kullanılarak incelendi. Takip eden gözlemler yapıldı: apikal foramenin sayısı, apikal foramenlerin en geniş ve en dar çapları ile şekli, aksesuar foramen sıklığı, apikal foramenin kök yüzeyindeki yeri ve anatomik apeks ile apikal foramen arası uzaklık. Bulgular: En sık gözlenen apikal foramen şekli ovaldi. Maksillar ve mandibular molar köklerin her ikisinde de en fazla 2 apikal foramen tespit edildi. Maksillar molar dişlerin tüm köklerindeki apikal foramenlerin ortalama en dar ve en geniş çapları sırasıyla 186,77 ila 364,79 μm ve 223,98 ila 453,42 μm aralığında bulundu. Mandibular molar dişlerin tüm köklerindeki apikal foramenlerin ortalama en dar ve en geniş çapları sırasıyla 178,79 ila 309,20 μm ve 209,79 ila 419,55 μm, aralığında bulundu. Aksesuar foramen sıklığı maksillar molarların köklerinde %2,5 ila %53,33 aralığında bulunmakta iken mandibular moların köklerinde %14,29 ila %44,12 aralığında bulunmuştur. Maksillar molar diş köklerinde anatomik apeks ile apikal foramen arası uzaklık 357,88-626,391 μm aralığında bulunduğu belirlenmiş iken mandibular molar köklerinde 392,69-1126,36 μm aralığında bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın yürütüldüğü popülasyonda kök apikal bölgesinin anatomik özelliklerinin ileri seviyede komplekslik gösterdiği görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Apikal foramen; anatomi; azı dişi; diş apeksi; diş kökü
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